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Perforating > Perforating > Flashcards

Perforating Flashcards

1
Q

The calculated flow area provided by perforations across a specific zone of interest

A

area open to flow

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2
Q

A technique in which several perforating guns are run on a single trip into the well, and then all are fired simultaneously

A

bank firing

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3
Q

A perforating charge designed to create perforations with a large-diameter entrance hole

A

big hole charge

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4
Q

A section of heavy walled tubing that is placed across any perforated interval through which the production tubing must pass, such as may be required in multiple zone completions

A

blast joint

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5
Q

A small metal tube containing secondary high explosive that is crimped onto the end of the detonating cord

A

booster

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6
Q

A downhole tool that is located and set to isolate the lower part of the wellbore

A

bridge plug

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7
Q

An early perforating method that used a hardened steel bullet or projectile, propelled by an explosive charge, to create a perforation tunnel

A

bullet perforating

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8
Q

An exposed gun system used primarily in wireline operations

A

capsule gun / strip gun

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9
Q

A perforating gun, consisting of a loading tube and shaped charges

A

carrier gun

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10
Q

A downhole tool used to confirm or correlate treatment depth using known reference points on the casing string

A

casing collar locator (CCL)

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11
Q

A log provided by a casing collar locator tool that generally incorporates a gamma ray log to correlate the relative position of casing string features, such as the location of a pup joint, with the reservoir or formation of interest

A

casing collar log

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12
Q

A perforating gun assembly designed to be used in a wellbore before the production tubulars or completion equipment have been installed, thus allowing access for a larger diameter gun assembly

A

casing gun

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13
Q

A downhole tool run on wireline to sever tubing at a predetermined point when the tubing string becomes stuck

A

chemical cutter

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14
Q

The rubblized or damaged zone surrounding a perforation tunnel where the action of the perforating charge or bullet has altered the formation structure and permeability

A

crushed zone

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15
Q

The area surrounding the wellbore that has been harmed by the drilling process, generally as a result of mud or cement-filtrate invasion

A

damaged zone

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16
Q

A perforating charge designed to provide a long perforation tunnel, such as may be required to bypass any near-wellbore damage

A

deep penetrating charge

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17
Q

To set off an explosive material

A

detonate

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18
Q

A cord containing high-explosive material sheathed in a flexible outer case, which is used to connect the detonator to the main high explosive

A

detonating cord / primer cord

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19
Q

A device containing primary high-explosive material that is used to initiate an explosive sequence

A

detonator / blasting cap

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20
Q

A safety device used when running and retrieving tools or drill collars with a flush external surface that may easily pass through the rotary table slips

A

dog collar

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21
Q

A ball that is dropped or pumped through the wellbore tubulars to activate a downhole tool or device

A

drop ball

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22
Q

A heavy steel bar that is dropped through the tubing or running string to fire the percussion detonator on a tubing-conveyed perforating (TCP) gun assembly

A

drop bar

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23
Q

A device, shaped like a short length of pipe, which is used to drop TCP guns in the rathole or sump

A

drop sub

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24
Q

A perforating gun assembly designed to be detached from the tubing or running string after firing

A

dropoff gun

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25
Q

A value that reflects the number of perforations per unit of length (usually feet) that are producing, or injecting, efficiently

A

effective shot density

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26
Q

The hole created in the internal surface of the casing or liner by the perforating charge or bullet

A

entrance hole

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27
Q

A perforating gun assembly that disintegrates upon firing, thereby reducing the volume and dimensions of retrieved components

A

expendable gun

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28
Q

A pipe-shaped housing that protects the firing head of a tubing-conveyed perforating gun

A

fill sub

29
Q

A mechanical or electronic device used to detonate perforating charges conveyed by tubing, drillpipe, coiled tubing or slickline

A

firing head

30
Q

A specialized perforating-gun system that contains shaped charges loaded at 0°, 60°, 120°, or 180° phase angles to provide a casing entrance hole of approximately 0,5 in [1,3 cm], which is intended to be large enough for hydraulic fracturing operations

A

frac gun

31
Q

A perforating-gun system containing big-hole or gravel-pack charges

A

gravel pack gun

32
Q

A device used to perforate oil and gas wells in preparation for production

A

gun

33
Q

The point on a gun assembly or perforating string that is used when correlating depth

A

gun zero

34
Q

Chemical explosive material having an extremely high reaction rate that creates very high combustion pressures, unlike low explosives that have a much lower reaction rate and are commonly used as propellants

A

high explosive

35
Q

A perforating gun having more than four shots per foot

A

high shot density gun

36
Q

A perforating gun, consisting of a loading tube and shaped charges

A

hollow carrier gun

37
Q

The use of shaped explosive charges to create perforation tunnels

A

jet perforating

38
Q

A surface detection system used to ensure that all tubing-conveyed perforating guns have fired, from the top shot to the bottom shot

A

last-shot detection

39
Q

The reduction in permeability in the near-wellbore area resulting from mechanical factors such as the displacement of debris that plugs the perforations or formation matrix

A

mechanical skin

40
Q

A column of high-pressure nitrogen typically applied to a tubing string in preparation for drillstem testing or perforating operations in which the reservoir formation is to be opened to the tubing string

A

nitrogen cushion

41
Q

To create holes in the casing or liner to achieve efficient communication between the reservoir and the wellbore

A

perforate

42
Q

To create holes in the liner or casing under conditions in which the hydrostatic pressure inside the casing or liner is greater than the reservoir pressure

A

perforate overbalanced

43
Q

To create holes in the liner or casing under conditions in which the hydrostatic pressure inside the casing or liner is less than the reservoir pressure

A

perforate underbalanced

44
Q

The section of wellbore that has been prepared for production by creating channels between the reservoir formation and the wellbore

A

perforated interval

45
Q

A wellbore tubular in which slots or holes have been made before the string is assembled and run into the wellbore

A

perforated liner

46
Q

An acid treatment placed in the wellbore over the interval to be perforated

A

perforating acid

47
Q

An explosive device that utilizes a cavity-effect explosive reaction to generate a high-pressure, high-velocity jet that creates a perforation tunnel

A

perforating charge / shaped charge

perforating charge / shaped charge

48
Q

A wireline log run to provide a means of depth correlation by comparing the position of casing collars to the reference log (gamma ray log)

A

perforating depth control log

49
Q

A specially prepared fluid placed in the wellbore over the interval to be perforated

A

perforating fluid

50
Q

A device used to perforate oil and gas wells in preparation for production

A

perforating gun

51
Q

The number of perforations per linear foot

A

perforation density

52
Q

A measure, or indicator, of the length that a useable perforation tunnel extends beyond the casing or liner into the reservoir formation

A

perforation penetration

53
Q

The radial distribution of successive perforating charges around the gun axis

A

perforation phasing

54
Q

Electric detonators used in wireline and electronic firing-head perforating operations, which are immune to radio interference and thus cannot be accidentally triggered by radio transmissions

A

radio safe detonator

55
Q

A procedure imposed during perforating operations in which radios at or near the wellsite are switched off to prevent accidental detonation of perforating guns

A

radio silence

56
Q

A perforating gun designed to be retrieved from the wellbore after firing

A

retrievable gun

57
Q

A blank gun section or spacer installed between the top perforating-gun assembly and firing head in a TCP operation

A

safety spacer

58
Q

A perforating gun with a recess profile in the perforating gun body adjacent to the shaped charge

A

scallop gun

59
Q

The technique of selectively firing successive perforating guns arranged in a multiple gun assembly

A

selective firing

60
Q

A technique used to fire individual perforating guns when multiple guns have been run together in a single trip into the well

A

selective perforating

61
Q

A short piece of brass or steel that is used to retain sliding components in a fixed position until sufficient force is applied to break the pin

A

shear pin

62
Q

To perforate a wellbore in preparation for production

A

shoot a well

63
Q

A surface detection technique to verify that perforating guns have fired

A

shot detection

64
Q

The geometric profile around a correctly placed perforation

A

stable arch

65
Q

The space between the shaped charge and the internal surface of the perforating gun body

A

standoff

66
Q

The use of tubing,drillpipeor coiled tubing to convey perforating guns to the required depth

A

TCP / tubing conveyed perforating

67
Q

A perforating gun assembly designed to run through the restricted clearance of production tubing, then operate effectively within the larger diameter of thecasingorlinerbelow

A

through tubing gun

68
Q

A special perforating gun, or charge, that is designed for limited penetration to allow an inner tubing or casing string to be perforated without damaging a surrounding outer string

A

tubing puncher

Perforating (1 decks)

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