Patterns Flashcards
1
Q
どこ / どちら
A
どこ
- where
どちら
- which direction
- can also be “where” (politer than どこ)
They are also used to ask the name of a country, company, school, or any place or organization a person belongs to.
2
Q
Sか
A
か
- used to express doubt, question, uncertainty, etc
- added at the end of the sentence
- rising intonation
3
Q
S1 か, S2 か
A
- a question used to choose between alternatives, S1 or S2
- neither はい or いいえ is used
4
Q
そうです/ そうじゃ ありません
A
そう
- used to answer a question requiring an affirmative or negative answer
はい、そうです
- affirmative answer
いいえ、そうじゃ ありません
- negative answer
5
Q
お国
A
お
- is added to a word concerning the listener or a third person in order to express the speaker’s respect to the person
6
Q
こちら、そちら、あちら
A
- they are demonstratives
- referring to direction
- also used to refer a location (politer than ここ、そこ、あそこ)
7
Q
N1 は N2 です
A
は
- the word before it is the topic of the sentence
です
- nouns with this used as predicates.
1. Judgement or assertion
2. Being polite
3. Inflects when the sentence is negative or in past tense
8
Q
この、その、あの
A
- they modify nouns
- usually used before the noun (thing or person)
9
Q
Family Name さん
A
さん
- added to the name to show respect
- never used in your own name
10
Q
N1 は N2 じゃ ありません
A
じゃ ありません
- is a negative form of です
- used in daily conversation
では ありません
- used for formal speech
11
Q
ここ、そこ、あそこ
A
- refer to a place
12
Q
N1 は N2(place) です
A
- explain where a place, thing or person is
13
Q
これ、これ、あれ
A
- they are demonstratives
- they work as nouns
- refers to a thing
14
Q
そうですか
A
- expression used when the speaker receives new information that he or she understands it
15
Q
N1 の N2
A
の
- used to connect two nouns
- N1 modifies N2
1. N1 is a group which N2 belongs
2. N1 explains what N2 is about
3. N1 owns N2
4. N1 made N2 (noun)
5. N1 is where N2 is being made (place)
