Patho - Quiz 1 Flashcards
Which of the following is true of congenital disorders?
A. present at birth but not always apparent
B. always diagnosed by clinical signs at birth
C. the same as a genetic disorder
D. also called a developmental defect
A. present at birth but not always apparent
A mother of a 6-month-old infant presents to the clinic for a wellness visit. The mother had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery. No fetal issues were identified at birth. The nurse practitioner notes the following while conducting the child’s history and physical examination: infant not meeting milestones, muscular rigidity, and some questionable seizure activity. Which of the following would be most beneficial for the nurse practitioner to include in the assessment to assist in diagnosing this child’s possible condition?
A. maternal age
B. maternal drug abuse during pregnancy
C. maternal tobacco use
D. maternal ethnic heritage
D. maternal ethnic heritage
The staging TNM system for classifying cancers is used to describe:
A. the microsopic nature of the cancer
B. the clinical spread of the disease
C. the etiological factors assoicated with the disease
D. the location of the cancer
B. the clinical spread of the disease
Warning signs of possible cancer would include which of the following? ( select all that apply)
A. sudden development of fever. nausea, and diarrhea
B. a change in shape, color, or surface of skin lesion
C. a change in bowel habits
D. persistent, unsusal bleeding
B, C, D
In contrast to malignant tumors, benign tumors:
A. are unable to effect alterations in body function through the elaboration of hormones or other chemicals
B. are more likely to undergo degenerative changes than maligant tumors
C. are well differentiated but have lost their ability to control cell replication
D. do not cause pressure damage to surrounding tissues, as do maligant tumors
C. are well differentiated but have lost their ability to control cell replication
A child is noted to have a very short stature, webbed neck, droppy eyelids and recurrent infections. The nurse will except which of the following diagnoses?
A. down syndrome
B. marfan syndrome
C. turner syndrome
D. klinefelter syndrome
C. turner syndrome
What is a major factor leading to increased occurrence of cancer in the elderly?
A. cumulative exposure to carcinogens
B. hereditary factors
C. widespread vascular degeneration
D. increased immune surveillance
A. cumulative exposure to carcinogens
What involves an example of cellular adaptation?
A. muscular hypertrophy with regular weight lifting
B. immune destruction of precancerous cells
C. mutation of nuclear DNA
D. formation of pancreatic cancer
A. muscular hypertrophy with regular weight lifting
