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PAT equations Flashcards

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Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

trig identities

A
  • Sin² + cos² = 1
  • Sin/cos = tan
  • SOHCAHTOA
  • sin(-θ) = -sinθ
  • sin(90-θ) = cosθ
  • sinθ = sin(180 - θ)
  • cosθ = cos(360 - θ)
  • tanθ = tan(180 + θ)
  • 1 + cot² = cosec²
  • 1 + tan² = sec²
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2
Q

arithmetic series

A

= a + (n-1)d

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3
Q

geometric series

A

=ar^(n-1)

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4
Q

arithmetic sum

A

Sn = n/2(2a + (n-1)d)

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5
Q

geometric sum

A

Sn = a(1-rⁿ)/ 1-r if r<1
or a(rⁿ -1)/1-r if r >1
S∞ = a/1-r if |r|<1

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6
Q

binomial expansion

A

(1+x)ⁿ =1 + nx + n(n-1)x² / 2 + n(n-1)(n-2)x³ / 3*2
(a + b)ⁿ = aⁿ + (n,1) a^n-1 b … (n,r)a^n-r b^r + bⁿ

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7
Q

speed

A

d/t

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8
Q

suvat

A
  • a = v-u/t
  • v^2 = u^2 +2as
  • s = ut + ½ at^2
  • s = vt - ½ at^2
  • s = ½ (u+v)t
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9
Q

Force (newtons II)

A

= ma
= Δp/t

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10
Q

W

A

=mg

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11
Q

angular velocity ⍵

A

=Δθ/t
= 2𝞹/T
= 2𝞹f
= v/r

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12
Q

velocity (perp to centripetal force)

A

= 2𝞹r/T
= ⍵r

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13
Q

centripetal force

A

= mv²/r
= m⍵²r

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14
Q

centripetal acceleration

A

= v²/r
= ⍵²r

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15
Q

terminal velocity

A

= √2mg/pAC

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16
Q

moment

A

= Fd

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17
Q

hookes law force

A

F = kx

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18
Q

KE

A

= ½ mv^2

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19
Q

Elastic PE

A

= ½ kx^2
= 1/2 Fx

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20
Q

GPE

A

= mgh
= GMm/r (radial field)

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21
Q

momentum

A

= mv
F = Δmv/t

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22
Q

power

A

= E/t
= Fv
= IV = I²R = V²/R

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23
Q

Work

A

= Fd
= Fs cosθ

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24
Q

electrical energy

A

= ItV

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25
Q

wave speed

A

= λf

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26
Q

frequency

A

= 1/T

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27
Q

snells law

A

n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2

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28
Q

wave ratios

A

n2/n1 = c1/c2 = λ1/λ2 = sini/sinr

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29
Q

critical angle

A

sinC = n2/n1

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30
Q

charge

A

Q = It
= CV (capacitance * voltage)

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31
Q

potential difference

A

= E/Q
= IR

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32
Q

Force of an electric field

A

= kQq/r²
= EQ (field strength *charge)

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33
Q

Force of a gravitational field

A

= QMm /r²

34
Q

velocity of an orbit

A

√Gm/r

35
Q

transformer eq

A

Vp/Vs = Np/Ns = Is/Ip

36
Q

capitance

A

C = Q/V
series – 1/Ct = 1/C1 +1/C2
parallel Ct = C1 +C2

37
Q

friction

A

= μR

38
Q

work done to hold charge in a capacitor

A

= ½ QV
= ½ V^2C = ½ Q^2/C

39
Q

heat energy

A

Q = mcΔt
= ml where l = specific latent heat

40
Q

small angle approximations

A

sinθ= θ
tanθ = θ
cosθ = 1 - θ²/2 = 1

41
Q

further trig

A

sec = 1/cos
cosec = 1/sin
cot = 1/tan

42
Q

pressure

A

= F/A
liquid = hρg

43
Q

density

A

m/vol

44
Q

tension (spring)

A

= 2𝞹√m/k

45
Q

tension (pendulum)

A

= 2𝞹√l/g

46
Q

spring constant

A

series - 1/kt = 1/k1 + 1/k2
parallel - kt = k1 + k2

47
Q

resistivity

A

R = ρL/A

48
Q

energy

A

= mc²

49
Q

energy of a photon

A

= hf
= hc/λ

50
Q

energy photoelectric effect

A

KEmax = hf - work func

51
Q

energy transfer in electroscope

A

eV = 1/2 mv²

52
Q

de broglie λ

A

h/mv

53
Q

diffraction

A

nλ = dsinθ
number of maxima = d/λ
λ = dx/L
d = distance between slits
x = distance between fringes
L = distance to screen

54
Q

double angle formula

A

sin2θ = 2sinθcosθ
cos2θ = cos²θ - sin²θ
= 1 - 2sin²θ = 2cos²θ - 1
tan2θ = 2tanθ / 1-tan²θ

55
Q

efficiency

A

useful work or power out/ total work or power in *100

56
Q

stress

A

F/A

57
Q

strain

A

x/L

58
Q

Youngs modulus

A

stress/strain = FL/xA

59
Q

internal resistance

A

emf = IR + Ir

60
Q

arc length (rad)

A

length - rθ

61
Q

sin/cos derivations/ integration

A

sin > cos > -sin> -cos
derive >
inegrate<
tan >sec^2

62
Q

current

A

= nAve

63
Q

potential divider eq

A

Vout = R2/ (R1+R2) * V

64
Q

time to discharge to 1/e times the original value capacitor

A

=RC

65
Q

ideal gas

A

PV = nRT
P = pressure
n = amount of substance (mol)
R = constant
T = temp

= NkT
N = number of molecules
k = R/ avagadros number

66
Q

magnetic force

A

F(wire) = BIL
F(electron) = Bev = mv^2/r

67
Q

velocity selector

A

v = E/B

68
Q

magnetic flux

A

𝐵, is the magnetic flux per unit area
= BA

69
Q

emf induced due to a magentic field

A

change in NBA/change in t
direction opposes the direction of the field that produced it

70
Q

magnetic flux linkage

A

= NBA
n = number of turns

71
Q

angular size

A

tanθ = θ = opp/adj

71
Q

angualr momentum

A

mvr
m⍵

72
Q

upthrust

A

= m(fluid)g
= ρVg

fraction submerged = ρ(obj)/ρ(fluid)
ρ(water) = 1000

73
Q

keplers 3rd

A

T^2 ∝ R^3
T^2 = R^3 *4pi^2/GM

74
Q

gravitational fileds

A

g = F/m (uniform)
g = -GM/r^2 (radial)
Vg = -GM/r
GPE = -GMm/r
F = -GMm/r^2

75
Q

relative angular speed

A

⍵planet - ⍵observer

76
Q

decay

A

activity = λN
λ = constant
N = number of molecules not decayed

N = N0 *e^-λt
half life = ln2/λ

77
Q

drag

A

CAρV^2/2
C is a constant

78
Q

torque

A

=Fd

79
Q

oscillations acceleration

A

a = - ⍵x^2

80
Q
A
80
Q
A

a - physics (20 decks)

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