Past lectures

Question 1

who is the father of modern technology?

Answer 1

cesare lombroso

Question 2

who developed separate juvenile courts?

Answer 2

william heeley (1899)

Question 3

who wrote “on the witness stand”?

Answer 3

hugo munsterburg

Question 4

what did binet study?

Answer 4

kids ability as eyewitnesses

Question 5

What did Stern study?

Answer 5

eyewitness research

Question 6

7 conflicts between psych and the law

Answer 6

1. knowing
2. methodology
3. epistemology
4. criteria
5. nature of law
6. principles
7. latitude

Question 7

what was R v lavalle important for?

Answer 7

why psychologists should testify

-women getting abused in relationship and shot husband when he handed her a gun

Question 8

when can psychologists testify?

Answer 8

1. relevant
2. necessary
3. absence of any exclusionary rule
4. qualified expert

Question 9

when can someone be eligible for parole?

Answer 9

1/3 of sentence

-2/3 for statutory (not if life sentence)

Question 10

Bernardo and Homolka

Answer 10

• raped a bunch of people including homolkas younger sister

- WORST PLEA BARGIN IN CANADIAN HISTORY

Question 11

define Minimization

Answer 11

interrogator offers sympathy or moral justification

Question 12

define maximization

Answer 12

frighten suspect into confessing

Question 13

define rapport building

Answer 13

develop personal rapport with suspect

Question 14

What study did Leo and Drizin (1996) do?

Answer 14

people who provided self incriminating info more likely to be treated differently

Question 15

3 types of false confessions?

Answer 15

1. voluntary- made open and willingly
2. coerced complaint- confesses with knowledge of innocence
3. coerced internalized- innocent person comes to believe they are actually guilty

Question 16

when are confessions valid?

Answer 16

1. confessed voluntarily

2. authority figure is present

Question 17

what makes up comparison polygraph tests?

Answer 17

1. irrelevant questions
2. relevant questions
3. comparison questions

Question 18

Kocsis, Hayes and Irwin (2002) study

Answer 18

4 groups of police personal, 2 control groups

• worst profilers-senior homicide detectives
• best profilers: chem students

Question 19

what is investigator myopia?

Answer 19

may stop looking for anyone who doesn’t fit the profile (tunnel vision)

Question 20

What is barnum statement?

Answer 20

tricks used to make you think they know more about you than they do
ie. horoscopes

Question 21

what is a jacques statement?

Answer 21

a prediction that is tailored to age of client

Question 22

what is a rainbow ruse?

Answer 22

statement that says something about clients character, and also the opposite in the same statement

Question 23

mutilation and plunder zones are considered _______

Answer 23

disorganized

Question 24

sex control and execution is considered______

Answer 24

organized

Question 25

what are the 4 stages of memory?

Answer 25

1. encoding
2. sensory memory
3. short term memory-small amount of info briefly
4. long term memory

Question 26

Name the 2 types of long term memory

Answer 26

1. explicit- factual knowledge and personal experiences
   - -> semantic memory- concept based knowledge
   - -> episodic memory- unique memory of specific event
2. implicit memory- procedural skills

Question 27

what are the 2 types of eyewitnesses memory?

Answer 27

1. recall memory- recall info just from memory

2. recognition memory- look at pics and try to determine if what you see is what you previously experienced and saw

Question 28

what are system variables?

Answer 28

things that happen within criminal justice system that could adversely affect witness accuracy
ie. procedures used by police

Question 29

what are estimator variables?

Answer 29

things we can only estimate their influence on the witness accuracy

• not controllable
  ie. how dark was it when they witnessed a crime

Question 30

what are the 3 theories explaining the misinformation effect?

Answer 30

1. misinformation acceptance hypothesis
2. source misattribution hypothesis
3. memory impairment hypothesis

Question 31

what study did loftus do?

Answer 31

the lost in the mall study

Question 32

How many fillers should be used when having people in a lineup?

Answer 32

5 says reno

Question 33

Name 4 estimator variables

Answer 33

1. cross racial identification
2. weapon focus
3. stress
4. alcohol intoxication

Question 34

What is acts reus and mens rea?

Answer 34

actus reus- the evil act

mens rea- the evil thought

Question 35

what 4 components are necessary for laying criminal charges?

Answer 35

1. actus reus
2. mens rea
3. identification
4. jurisdiction

Question 36

Bill C 127

Answer 36

• changed it so anyone could rape
• spousal immunity ended
• basically about rape

Question 37

what is phallometry?

Answer 37

a band that goes around penis to measure sexual arousal

Question 38

3 common responses to rape

Answer 38

1. depression
2. fear
3. anxiety

Question 39

what are males main motives for killing? what are females main motives?

Answer 39

males: sex, control, money, enjoyment
females: money, control, enjoyment, sex

Question 40

Who was Beccaria?

Answer 40

man has free will, crime is volitional, man can change behaviour

• sole justification for punishment is its utility
• prevention more important than punishment

Question 41

who was John Howard?

Answer 41

visited facilities and shocked by conditions