PassMed Everything

Question 1

Atrial fibrillation first line management

Answer 1

Urgent synchronised DC cardioversion

Question 2

Micrognathia (posteriorly displaced tongue) and cleft palate

Answer 2

Pierre-Robin syndrome

(no family history associated)

Question 3

Hip injury, long lie = rhabdomyolysis

What treatment is most important?

Answer 3

IV saline

Needs rehydration to properly perfuse the kidneys and limit damage to the kidneys due to myoglobin

Question 4

Rinne’s test negative on right side =

Answer 4

right conductive hearing loss

Question 5

Weber’s test lateralises to right ear

Answer 5

right conductive hearing loss or left sensorineural hearing loss

Question 6

Cardiac drugs stopped in AKI

Answer 6

ACEIs and ARBs

Question 7

Sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss. Immediate treatment?

Answer 7

High-dose oral corticosteroids (prednisolone)

Question 8

Vitamin K is given to neonates to prevent ______

Answer 8

Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Question 9

How is Vitamin K admistered to a newborn?

Answer 9

IM injection once-off

Question 10

Headache, eye sore on movement.
Eye has diffuse redness, engorgement of the scleral vessels and a blue tinge to the sclera. Fundoscopy reveals no abnormalities. There is no reduction in visual acuity.

Answer 10

SCLERITIS !

Question 11

Hydrocele on newborn child, no apparent pain

Answer 11

Communicating hydrocele.
Not sinister, resolves after a year

Question 12

Rhabdomyolysis creatine kinase levels - how many times higher than normal?

Answer 12

5 times higher

Long lie + really, really high CK = rhabdomyolysis

Question 13

Prolonged diarrhoea ABG results

Answer 13

Metabolic acidosis associated with hypokalaemia

Question 14

Minor nasal trauma + bilateral, red swelling arising from the nasal septum

Answer 14

Nasal septal haematoma

Question 15

Transplant increases the risk of what cancer ?

Answer 15

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

Question 16

ADPKD increases risk of berry aneurysm which causes …

Answer 16

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Question 17

IgA nephropathy 1-2 days
Post-strep GN 7-14 days

Question 18

Healthy newborn resp. rate

Answer 18

30-60

Question 19

Neonate with delay in passing meconium (first passing of black stool), bilious (green) vomiting + ‘bubbly’ appearance of intestines on abdominal X-ray

Answer 19

Meconium ileus

(this is a big sign of cystic fibrosis)

Question 20

Immediate treatment for Kawasaki’s disease

Answer 20

High dose aspirin + IV immunoglobulin

Question 21

Strawberry tongue

Answer 21

Kawasaki’s disease

Question 22

Treatment for pyloric stenosis

Answer 22

Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy

Question 23

Late teens, cyanosis, right heart failure.

Had ‘hole in heart’

Answer 23

Eisenmeger syndrome i.e. reversal of cardiac shunt to right-to-left

Question 24

3 year old, had a cold for the past few days
On investigation: maculopapular rash around her mouth, ulcerations on her tongue and blisters on the palms of her hands and the soles of her feet

Answer 24

Hand, foot and mouth disease

Question 25

Treatment for hand, foot and mouth disease

Answer 25

Supportive management

usually resolves by itself within a week

Question 26

Cause of Type 1 DM (inc. cells involved)

Answer 26

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells

Question 27

Investigation for intussusception

Answer 27

Abdominal ultrasound

Question 28

7 year old girl, unexplained bruising, enlarged lymph nodes, systemic illness

Answer 28

Possible Acute lymphocytic leukaemia

Question 29

Test for cystic fibrosis

Answer 29

Sweat test

Question 30

Frequency, urgency, nocturia (FUN)

Answer 30

Urge incontinence

Question 31

Blowout fracture

Answer 31

Belowout fracture - inferior rectus

Question 32

Which cell removes potassium ions from cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 32

Astrocytes

Question 33

Where is the lesion in the thalamus which causes hearing loss?

Answer 33

Medial geniculate nucleus

Question 34

Cells responsible for CSF production

Answer 34

Ependymal cells

Question 35

Most common cause of meningitis in adults

Answer 35

Strep. pneumoniae

Question 36

Nerve to stapedius is a branch of which nerve?

Answer 36

Facial

Question 37

Test to clinically distinguish between an upper and lower motor neurone lesion of the facial nerve

Answer 37

Raise eyebrow

Question 38

Reduced sensation over medial thigh, weak adduction

What nerve?

Answer 38

Obturator nerve

causes adduction and internal rotation of thigh

Question 39

Which dermatome provides sensation to the ring and little finger?

Answer 39

C8