Part 1

Question 1

What is “lost” in translation?

Answer 1

maintenance
program

Question 2

According to Gramopadhye and Drury (2000)

Answer 2

It is difficult to eliminate errors completely, developing interventions to make
the inspection and maintenance procedures more reliable and more error tolerant.

Question 3

According to ICAO

Answer 3

the purpose of human factors is to improve safety, efficiency and well-being of workers.

Question 4

According to Qantas

Answer 4

schedule is king and safety is god,

Question 5

In order to ensure the safety that the world aviation system enjoys today

Answer 5

we need the right people in the right place at the right time and doing the right thing (FAA,
2013)

Question 6

Gramopadhye and Drury (2000)

Answer 6

highlighted that non-routine maintenance can be
twice as higher as routine maintenance
this makes maintenance coordination and communication difficult

Question 7

Murphy’s Law is based on the principle of defensive design to reduce the occurrence
and consequences that “anything can go wrong, will go wrong”

Answer 7

Hence it is important
for us to anticipate the mistakes and plan for contingencies so that we can
minimise the negative consequences.

Question 8

What is the use of a decision tree?

Answer 8

A chart that directs the technician along a logical testing and diagnostic path for a particular system or product

Question 9

According to Boyd (2015), the brain can change in three ways to support learning

Answer 9

by chemical changes for short-term memory,
by structural changes for long-term
memory,
and
by functional changes or altering its function.

Question 10

According to Boyd (2015)

Answer 10

The brain is your
behaviour. There is no neuroplasticity drug you can take to improve learning but
practice

Question 11

According to CAP715

Answer 11

most people with colour-defective vision finds it difficult to
distinguish between red and green.

Question 12

According to CAP715

Answer 12

employee has difficulties hearing a conversation in a
quiet room at a distance of 2 metres, an audiogram must be conducted annually

Question 13

According to Capt. Mickleson (2019), good decisions are based on a number of .
things

Answer 13

Such as having accurate and complete information, and following a framework to guide you.

Question 14

According to CASA (2019)

Answer 14

self-awareness or working through
different scenarios is crucial and we should not be distracted.

This would give us more mental capacity to react to re-access events.

Question 15

According to Dr Singleman (2019)

Answer 15

It is important to control our emotional
objectivity so that we can maintain the intellectual objectivity in good decision.

This will also allow us to be become more situationally aware of ourselves.

Question 16

According to Endsley and Robertson (2000)

Answer 16

A Level 2 SA is the ability of an engineer
to piece together the observable cues

Question 17

According to Wilemsen (2009)

Answer 17

An apprentice would likely
follow the normative model

experienced engineer would likely adopt the prescriptive model

Question 18

Example of external Performance Shaping Factor PSF

Answer 18

Improper tooling from tool crib and poor working conditions. (Maintenance error)

Poorly designed tools and cramped working conditions

Long shift hours and overtime

Question 19

Shel Model

Answer 19

Software (maintenance procedures, maintenance manuals)

Hardware ( Tools, test equipment)

Environment (physical environment such as conditions in the hangar,
conditions on the line)

Liveware (the person or people at the centre of the model)

Question 20

Two main categories, explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative).

Answer 20

Explicit memories, are facts or events that you can clearly or explicitly
describe.
Semantic memory: having to do with words
Episodic memory: having to do with events

Implicit memories involve things you many not be able to articulate like how
to ride a bicycle
Procedural memory: having to do with procedures in events
Priming: previous experiences influences your current interpretation of
an event

Question 21

3 different models

Answer 21

Normative Model - defined as being the
optimal standards provided that certain axioms are accepted

Prescriptive Model - avoid the complexities of normative models by suggesting
heuristic (educated guess) methods

Descriptive Model - The descriptive model describes how people normally make decisions.