Parasite (palatandaan) Flashcards
Cigar-shaped/barr-shaped chromatoidal body
E. histolytica cyst
Cross-eyed cyst
E. nana
Iodine cyst
I.butschlii
Large glycogen vacuole
I.butschlii
Bull’s eye Karyosome
E. histolytica troph
Blot like karyosome
E. nana troph
Achromatic granules
I.butschlii
Nipple cyst, lemon cyst
C.mesnili
Bilateral symmetrical, old man’s glasses
G. lamblia
Sheperd’s crook
C. mesnili
Jerky motility, strawberry cervix
T.vaginalis
Chagas
T.cruzi
Winterbottom sign (chancre)
Kerandel’s sign
T. brucei
West africa sleeping sickness
T.brucei gambiense
East african sleeping sickness
T. brucei rhodesiense
Kissing bug, Assassin bug, Reuviid bug, Triatoma bug
Vector of T.cruzi
Largest protozoa
B.coli
Directional Tumbling motility
B.coli
Maurer’s dots
P.falciparum
Ziemann’s dots
P.malariae
Malignant tertian malaria
P.falciparum
Quartan malaria
P.malariae
Benign Tertian malaria
P.vivax
Thin smear
Species identification (fixed by methanol)
Thick smear
Rapid diagnosis (dehemoglobinized)
Crescent, sausage, or banana shaped gametocytes
P.falciparum
Associated with g6pd deficiency
P.falciparum
Aplique or acole ring form, double nuclear dots
P.falciparum
Multiple ring forms (common)
P.falciparum
Rosette merozoits/Daisy formation
P.malariae
band shape trophozoite
P.malariae
Single chromatin dot, Rare multiple ring forms
P.malariae
Round to oval size gametocytes (same as rbc)
P.ovale
Relapse (hypnozoites)
P.ovale
Primaquine
Treatment for relapse (malaria)
Chloroquine
Treatment for Plasmodium species
Ring and gametocyte seen in PBS
P.falciparum
Trophozoite is small hyaline ring that appears amoeboid
P.vivax
Rbc is enlarged (oval,fringed,fimbriated)
P.ovale
Rbc is enlarged
P.vivax
Rbc is normal sized
P.falciparum
Rbc is smaller than normal
P.malariae
Maltese cross inside RBC
Babesia microti
Ixodes dammini
Vector of Babesia microti
Sabin-Feldman Dye Test
Diagnosis of T.gondii
Montenegro Skin Test
Diagnosis of Leishmania
Visceral leishmaniasis
L.donovani
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
L.braziliensis
Infective stage of Leishmania
Promastigote
Falling leaf motility
G.lamblia
Definitive host of toxoplasma gondii
Cat
Bradyzoites
Chronic infection of T.gondii in human
Tachyzoites
Acute infection of T. gondii in human
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Called cyanobacterium like body (w/ autofluoresence)
Cytoisospora belli
+/- in autofluoresence
Unholy trinity
Ascaris, Hookworm, Trichuris Trichiura
Nematodes in Small intestine (CASH)
Capillaria philippinensis, Ascaris lumbrecoides, Srongyloides stercoralis, Hookworms (Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale)
Nematodes in Large Intestine (TE)
Trichuris Trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis
Shorter, smaller and with curved tails (nematodes gender)
male
Larger with straight tails (nematodes gender)
Female
Feeding stage, with open mouth, shorter, NON-INFECTIVE STAGE
Rhabditiform larva
Non-feeding stage, with closed mouth, longer
INFECTIVE STAGE
Filariform larva
Extra intestinal nematodes (ASH)
Ascrais, Strongyloides, and Hookworm
Outer mamillary coat/mammillation, fertilized/unfertilized eggs
Ascaris lumbricoides
Barrel-shaped eggs, football, with protruded polar plugs, Japanese lanter ova
Trichuris trichiura
D-shaped, flat on one side, with larva
Enterobius vermicularis
Peanut-shaped, with flattened polar plugs
Capillaria philippinensis
Oval with thin transparent shell containing 2 to 8 germ cells
Hookworms
Resembles hookworm ova, but contains larva
Strongyloides
1 pair of buccal teeth
Ancylostoma braziliense
2 pairs of buccal teeth
Ancylostoma duodenale (duo =2)
3 pairs of buccal teeth
Ancylostoma caninum
Semilunar cutting plates
Necator americanus
Giant intestinal roundworm
Ascaris lumbricoides
Human whipworm
Trichuris trichiura
Pinworm, seatworm, society worm
Enterobius vermicularis
Pneumonitis, Loeffler’s syndrome (Eosinophilic pneumonia), Intestinal blockage
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ulcerative colitis, Rectal prolapse
Trichuris trichiura
Intense pruritis ani (anal itching)
Enterobius vermicularis
Infective stage of Ascaris, Trichuris, Enterobius
Embryonated egg
Oval, with thin shell
Unembryonated
Usually corticated
Unfertilized ova of Ascaris lumbricoides
Round with thick shell
Can be corticated or decorticated
Fertilized ova of Ascaris lumbricoides
Largest intestinal nematode
Ascaris lumbricoides
Transmits D.fragilis
Enterobius vermicularis
New world hookhowm
Necator americanus
Old world hookworm
Ancylostoma duodenale
Threadworm
Strongyloides stercoralis
Long buccal cavity, thin sheath, small genital primordium
Necator and ancylostoma
Short buccal cavity, No sheat, Large genital primordium
Strongyloides stercoralis
Short esophagus, pointed tail
Necator and ancylostoma
Long esophagus, notched tail
Strongyloides stercoralis
Chinese lantern ova
Strongyloides stercoralis
Japanese lantern - Trichuris trichiura
Infective stage of hookworm
Filariform larva
May cause Ground itch, dew itch, coolie itch
Iron deficiency anemia
Wakana’s disease
Mazza mora
Necator and ancylostoma
Uncinariasis
Necator
Ancylostomiasis
Ancylostoma
Pudoc worm/ Mystery worm
Capillaria philippinensis
Trichina worm, pork muscle roundworm
Trichinella spiralis
Ingestion of raw fish is the MOT
Capillaria philippinensis
Ingestion of undercooked contaminated meat: pork, deer, bear, walrus
Trichinella spiralis
Guinea worm/serpent worm/ dragon worm
Dracunculus medinensis
Rat lung worm
Parastrongylus cantonensis (Angiostronylus cantonensis)
Ingestion of copepods is the MOT
Dracunculus medinensis
Ingestion of mollusk is the MOT
Parastrongylus cantonensis (Angiostronylus cantonensis)
The causative agent of Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis
Parastrongylus cantonensis (Angiostronylus cantonensis)
Barber’s pole appearance
Parastrongylus cantonensis (Angiostronylus cantonensis)
Ascaris of dog
Toxocara canis
Ascaris of cat
Toxocara cati
Dog hookworm
Ancylostoma caninum
Cat hookworm
Ancylostoma braziliense
Absent sheath, no tail nuclei, tail bent or flexed
O. volvulus
Absent sheath, tail nuclei, does not extend to tip
M. ozzardi
Absent sheath, tail nuclei, extend to tip
M perstans
M. streptocerca
Shepherd’s hook
M. streptocerca
Sheath present, Tail nuclei that does not extend to tip
W. bancrofti
heath present, Tail nuclei that extend to tip in continuous row
Loa loa
heath present, Tail nuclei that extend to tip in not continuous but two nuclei are at the tip
B. malayi
Malayan filaria
B. malayi
African eyeworm
Loa loa
New world filria
Mansonella ozzardi
Blinding filaria, river blindness
O. volvulus
Tse tse fly
T. brucei
Elephantiasis
B. malayi / W. bancrofti
Calabar swelling
Loa loa
Onchocerciasis
River blindness
O. volvulus
Dog heart worm, dog filaria
Dinzfilaria immitis
False tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium latum
True tapeworm
Taenia, hymenolepis, Dipyllidum, Echinococcus
Spoon-shaped/almond-shaped
D. latum
With hooks (tapeworms)
T. solium, H. nana, D. caninum, E. granulosus
Without hooks (tapeworms)
T. saginata, H. diminuta
Fish tapeworm/Broad tapeworm/ Broad russian tapeworm
D. latum
Armed tapeworm
T. solium
Unarmed tapeworm
T. saginata
Dwarf tapeworm
H. nana
Rat tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dog/cat tapeworm
Double pored tapeworm
Pumpkin seed tapeworm
D. caninum
Hydatid tapeworm
E. granulosus
Seen in packets
D. caninum
Dermatitis that may develop following cercarial penetration
Swimmer’s itch
Hypersensitivty reaction caused by migration of schistosomule to appropriate blood vessels
Katayama fever/ Snail fever
Vesical blood fluke
Schistosoma haematobium
Oriental blood fluke
Schistosoma japonicum
Manson’s blood fluke
Schistosoma mansoni
Urinary bilharziasis
Egyptian hematuria
Schistosoma haematobium
Katayaman fever
Oriental schistosomiasis
Schistosoma japonicum
Intestinal bilharziasis
Schistosomal hematuria
Schistosoma mansoni
Largest schistosoma
S. japonicum
Smallest schistosoma
S. mansoni
Coffee bean appearance
P. westermani
Chinese vase ova
P. westermani
Oriental liver fluke
Chinese liver fluke
Clonorchis sinensis
Cat liver fluke
Opisthorchis felneus
Southeast asian liver fluke
Opisthorchis vivenrrini
Sheep liver fluke
Fasciola hepatica
Old fashion lightbulb OVA
C. sinensis
Giant intestinal fluke
Busk’s fluke
Fasciolopsis buski
Von siebold fluke
Dwark fluke
Heterophyes heterophyes
Yokogawa’s fluke
Metagonimus yokogawai
Garrison’s fluke
Echinostoma ilocanum