Pancreatic and Biliary Tree Disease

Question 1

what is cholecystitis

Answer 1

infection of the gallbladder

Question 2

what is the best investigation for gallstones

Answer 2

ultrasound

Question 3

nil by mouth for treatment of acute cholecystitis - true/false

Answer 3

true

Question 4

what is cholangitis

Answer 4

infection of the common bile duct

Question 5

what are complications of gallstones

Answer 5

Gallstone ileus
Jaundice
Cholangitis
Acute pancreatitis

Question 6

what is a gallstone ileus

Answer 6

gallstone sticks on the duodenum and forms a fistula

gallstone fall through and causes obstruction

Question 7

what is the Glasgow Prognostic score

Answer 7

PaO2  55 years 
Neutrophils: (WBC >15 x109/l 
Calcium  16mmol/l)
Enzymes: (AST/ALT > 200 iu/L or LDH > 600 iu/L)
Albumin 10mmol/L)

Question 8

what is chronic pancreatitis

Answer 8

Progressive and irreversible destruction of pancreatic tissue
Results in permanent loss of endocrine and exocrine function

Question 9

symptoms of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 9

epigastric pain radiating to back
steatorrhoea
weight loss

Question 10

what is the complications of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 10

Pseudocyst, diabetes, biliary obstruction, splenic vein thrombosis, pleural effusion, pancreatic cancer

Question 11

symptoms of pancreatic cancer

Answer 11

dark urine
pale stool
back/abdo pain
weight loss
nausea, vomiting