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Physics > P5 > Flashcards

P5 Flashcards

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1
Q

define a scalar

A

only has magnitude

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2
Q

define a vector

A

has magnitude and director
e.g. for an arrow -> length = magnitude
direction = direction

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3
Q

vector quantities

A 
force
velocity
displacement
acceleration
momentum
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4
Q

scalar quantities

A 
speed
distance
mass
temperature
time
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5
Q

define a force

A

push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object
contact OR non-contact

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6
Q

what needs to be the case for a contact force to act?

A

objects are physically touching

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7
Q

what needs to be the case for a non-contact force to act?

A

objects are physically separated/not touching

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8
Q

examples of contact forces

A

friction
air resistance
tension
normal contact force

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9
Q

examples of non-contact forces

A

gravitational force
electrostatic force
magnetic force

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10
Q

what happens when 2 objects interact/interaction pair?

A

when 2 objects interact a force is produced on both

interaction pair -> pair of equal and opposite forces acting on 2 interacting objects

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11
Q

define weight

A

the force acting on an object due to gravity
newtons (N) -> newton meter
(changes with location)

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12
Q

define mass

A

amount of matter in an object

kg -> mass balance

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13
Q

what does the weight of an object depend on?

A

the gravitational field strength at the point where the object is (GFS = stronger when your closer to the mass causing the field and stronger for large masses)

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14
Q

state the relationship between mass + weight

A

direct proportion

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15
Q

GFS of earth?

A

9.8 N/kg

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16
Q

weight equation?

A

weight (N) = mass (kg) x GFS (N/kg)

17
Q

define centre of mass

A

weight of an object conc. at a point

equal in all directions

18
Q

define resultant force

A

overall force acting on an object/point

in one direction

19
Q

what’s the RF if the forces are balanced?

A

0

20
Q

how is work done by a force/energy treansferred?

A 
the force (RF) causes an object to move though a dist. 
(displacement)
21
Q

work done equation?

A

work done = force x dist.

22
Q

unit of work done?

A

joules (J)

23
Q

unit of dist.

A

metres (m)

24
Q

relationship between joules and newton-metres?

A

1 joule = 1 newton-metre

25
Q

what does work done against frictional forces cause?

A

rise in temp. of the object

26
Q

explain how work is done when you push something along a rough surface

A

work is done against frictional forces
energy transferred to KE store of object as it moves
some energy transferred to object’s thermal stores -> friction
causes overall temp. of object to increase

27
Q

what does it mean if an object is in equilibrium?

A

all forces acting on the object combine to give an RF of 0

CHECK pg.54

28
Q

what 3 things ca happen when more than 1 force is applied to an object?

A

object: bends, stretches or compresses

29
Q

define elastically deformed

A

can go back to its original shape/length after the force is removed

30
Q

what is an elastic object?

A

can be elastically deformed

31
Q

define inelastically deformed

A

doesn’t go back to its original shape/length after the force is removed

32
Q

what happens when a force stretches/compresses an object?

when elastically deformed?

A

work is done
energy transferred to elastic potential energy store of object
if elastically deformed, all energy transferred to EPE

33
Q

relationship between extension and force?

A

direct proportion

34
Q

force and extension equation?

A

force = k (spring constant) x e (extension)

35
Q

when does the direct proportion between force + extension stop?

A

when the force is too great and limit of proportionality is exceed

Physics (9 decks)

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