P4 Test support Material

Question 1

Define “Natural Selection”

Answer 1

The natural process where the best adapted to the ecosystem will survive. It is the system that drives evolution.

Question 2

Define “Biological evolution”

Answer 2

When heritable characteristics adapt over generations to survive the environment they are in.

Question 3

Define “Category”/”Criterion”/ “Hierarchy” in the context of biological classification

Answer 3

A category represents a rank or level, there are 9 categories of classification.
The criterion refers to the characteristics needed to be in a category
Hierarchy is the systematic organisation of organisms into levels

Question 4

Define “Biodiversity”

Answer 4

Biodiversity is the diversity in species, genes, and biomes.

Question 5

Define “Genetic variability”/”Allele frequency”

Answer 5

Genetic variability is the generation of genetic differences.
Allele frequency is the fraction of chromosomes in a population that carry an allele over the total population.

Question 6

Define “Specie”

Answer 6

The basic unit of classification.

Question 7

Explain the ”natural system” and its relation to the way scientists classify biodiversity

Answer 7

The natural system of classification is based on evolution. It is the only system used so everyone knows what weŕe talking about.

Question 8

Explain The process of biological evolution using the following concepts:

• ”Natural selection”
• ”Generation”
• ”Offspring overproduction”
• ”Genetic variability”

Answer 8

Due to natural selection, a change in inherited traits happens over generations resulting in genetic variability in populations. If natural selection did not occur, there would be an offspring overproduction.

Question 9

Outline The main categories in the Biodiversity Classification system

Answer 9

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class:Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Question 10

Outline the levels of biodiversity

Answer 10

Genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.

Question 11

Draw your favorite (non domesticated) life form, Outline its scientific classification and label the characteristics that place it in that category.

Answer 11

Seal. (Image uploaded to classroom)
Pinnipedia Pinnipeds
Order - Pinnipedia
Pinnipeds are seals, sea lions, and walruses.
Pinnipeds have four webbed flippers used to propel their spindle-shaped bodies. Their sensory organs are adapted to function in both air and water. Large eyes and well-developed whiskers allow feeding in dimly lit water.

Question 12

Compare the criteria between the Kingdoms in the Eukarya domain

Answer 12

There are six kingdoms in the eukarya domain.

1. Fungi- the Kingdom consists of heterotrophic organisms or organisms that cannot make their food.
2. Animalia - the Kingdom is composed of heterotrophic organisms.
3. Plantae - the Kingdom consists of all multicellular, and photosynthetic organisms on the planet.
4. Chromalveolata - the kingdom consists of dinoflagellates, diatoms, and ciliates.
5. Rhizaria - The domain is widely composed of unicellular eukaryotes
6. Excavata - The kingdom consists of a wide variety of organisms like photosynthetic, heterotrophic, and parasitic.

Question 13

Antibiotics are drugs designed to fight bacterial infections. Since their discovery, pharmaceutical companies have had to develop new formulas because pathogenic bacteria keep evolving and developing resistance to the older, most used versions. Discuss if the pertinence of the use Antibiotics to maintain health

Answer 13

With time, bacteria can create a resistance to certain antibiotics if the antibiotic is overused.

Question 14

Evaluate The role of genetic variability in a population’s ability to adapt to the environment changes.

Answer 14

If there is a low genetic variability, the chance to survive a change in the environment is low.