Overall

Question 1

A very clear idea of what is the difference between Rationalism and Empiricism.

Answer 1

Rationalist: Although there may be some things that we learn trough perception, there are at least some things that you can learn just from reason alone, that is, without perception.

Imperialist: Everything we know, somehow is known by sense perception. Perception is the ultimate source of knowledge.

Question 2

Which philosophers can be labelled Rationalists and which ones can be labelled Empiricists, and why there are labelled that way.

Answer 2

They have different ideas on the origins of knowledge.

Rationalists: Descartes, Spinoza We can know some things without sense experience

Empericists: Locke, berkeley, Hume: Sense experience is the ultimate source of knowledge and concepts

Kant builds a bridge:
Sure, we only have knowledge after experience (time) but that doesn’t mean experience is the ultimate source of knowledge empirical knowledge might be a compound of what we get from impressions and what cognition supplies from itself.