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other anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

low frequency sound projects where

A

anterolateral part of the auditory cortex

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2
Q

high frequency sound projects where

A

posteromedial auditory cortex

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3
Q

aphasia

A

difficulty using language

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4
Q

cochlear

A

hear

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5
Q

vestibular

A

balance

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6
Q

lower quadrantanopia a result of what

A

superior calcarine sulcus (aka parietal) defect

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7
Q

tracking smooth?

A

yes - done by PVC

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8
Q

Is frontal eye field smooth?

A

nope

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9
Q

edinger-westphal nucleus involved in

A

reponsible for indirect constriction and also required for accomidation (project bilat to other hemisphere)

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10
Q

association

A

same hemi

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11
Q

commissural

A

corpus callosum

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12
Q

projection

A

deeper structures to connect

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13
Q

internal capsule supplied by

A

MCA

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14
Q

scalp arteries are a branch of the

A

ECA

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15
Q

Pterion

A

the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid

thinnest part of the skull

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16
Q

what artery courses over the deep aspect of the pterion

A

the middle meningeal

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17
Q

sensory nerve supply of the dura

A

CN V

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18
Q

the diaphragm sellae

A

a tough sheet of dura mater forming a roof over the pituitary fossa

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19
Q

Tx for hydrocephalus

A

VP shunt

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20
Q

extra dural

A

between bone and dura

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21
Q

subdural

A

between dura and arachnoid

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22
Q

subarachnoid

A

CSF into the subarachnoid space

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23
Q

epidural anaesthesia and lumbar puntcure can result in what

A

damage to the extradrual venous plexus and therefore epidural haematoma compressing the spinal cord or cauda equina

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24
Q

spinal cord ends when

A

L2

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25
Q

cauda equina is what nerve roots

A

L2-Co

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26
Q

Posterior rami of the sacral sinal nerves exit where

A

the posterior sacral foraminae

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27
Q

which herniation is most common for causing an oculomotor palsy

A

Uncal herniation - will therefore lead to an ipsilateral fixed dilated pupil

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28
Q

Multipolar found where

A

Skeletal muscle and ans

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29
Q

where is the cell body of the multipolar neurone found

A

CNS

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30
Q

neurone in the PNS

A

unipolar

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31
Q

collection of nerve axons and bundles in CNS are called

A

tracts

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32
Q

do sympathetics supply arterioles

A

yes - the smooth muscle of arterioles

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33
Q

posterior scalp, neck and shoulder dermatomes

A

C2-4

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34
Q

sympathetics exit where on the spinal cord

A

T1-L2 lateral horns

35
Q

Parasympathetic outflow

A

3 7 9 10 and sacral

36
Q

extrinsic back muscles

A

trap and lat

37
Q

intrinsic back muscles

A

erector spinae and transversospinalis

38
Q

transversospinalis is located where

A

between the transverse and spinous processes

39
Q

nerve supply of the intrinsic back muscles

A

segmental and via posterior rami

40
Q

roles of intrinsics

A

posture, support and extend

- if erector spinae contracts unilaterally, it allows for lateral flexion

41
Q

flexion of the spine aided by

A

psoas major and rectus abdominis

42
Q

the superior and inferior articular processes have what type of join

A

synovial facet joint - this allows for mobility between adjacent vertebrae

43
Q

is there an intervertebral disc between C1 and c2

A

NO - fused at sacrum/coccyx

44
Q

anterior longitudinal ligament stops what

A

over-extension

45
Q

posterior longitudinal ligament stops what

A

over-flexion

46
Q

What to ligaments can be found between the spinous processes

A

supraspinous (stong, fibrous, connects spinous tips)and interspinous (connects superior and inferior surfaces)

47
Q

cervical vertebrae have what common characteristics

A

bifid
transverse foramen
triangular shaped vertebral foramen

48
Q

which one has the atlas

A

C1 - At the first one
doesn’t have a body or a spinous process
- instead has a posterior and anterior arch

49
Q

which one has an axis

A

C2 - next after AT las

has an odontoid process and projects superiorly

50
Q

first palpable vertebrae 1

A

C7

51
Q

Atlanto-occipital joints

A

synovial joints

between occipital and the superior articular facets

52
Q

what is the point bit seen on X ray of the c1 cervical spine

A

the posterior arch of the atlas

53
Q

cauda equina and meninges can be found where in the sacrum

A

the sacral canal

54
Q

where do nerves exit/enter in the sacrum

A

through ant and post sacral foraminae

55
Q

where does caudal anaesthesia take place

A

into sacral hiatus to anaesthetise the sacral spinal nerve roots

56
Q

spinal cord ends

A

L1/2

57
Q

Cauda equina involves which nerve roots

A

L2-CO

58
Q

T12 names nerve

A

subcostal

59
Q

names nerve contains only one spinal nerve?

A

no - contains multiple axons from diff spinal nerves which are travelling to a similar location eg msc C5,6,7

60
Q

Femoral nerve roots

A

L2-4

means that it crosses multiple dermatomes

61
Q

C1-C4 supplies

A

neck postural and strap muscles

diaphragm

62
Q

brachial plexus supplies

A

upper limb and extrinsic back muscles

63
Q

T2-L3 motor axons supple

A

via posterior rami the postural back mucles
intercostal muscles via anterior rami
anterolateral abdominal wall muscles

64
Q

lumbosacral nerve roots

A

L1-S4

65
Q

Triceps jerk

A

C7

66
Q

Brachioradialis

A

C6

67
Q

Biceps rachii

A

C5.6

68
Q

Knee jerk

A

L3

69
Q

ankle reflex

A

S1

70
Q

Axillary supplies

A

5,6

deltoid and teres

71
Q

thenar and lumbricals 1 and 2

A

median

72
Q

7,8,T1

A

ulnar

73
Q

supply of the dorsal and plamar interossie and hypothenar

A

ulnar

74
Q

Sciatic

A

L4-S3

75
Q

whic CNs are located at the pontomedullary junction

A

6,7,8

76
Q

left recurrent

A

under arch of the aorta

77
Q

right recurrent laryngeal

A

right subclavian

78
Q

bartholins gland in females is otherwise known as what in males

A

bulbourethral

79
Q

superior sagittal sinus can be found

A

falx cerebri location

80
Q

the confluence of the sinuses?

A

in the midline at the internal occipital protruberance, which is deep to the external occipital protruberance

81
Q

wich sinus drains into the IJV

A

the sigmoid sinus

82
Q

the vertebral arteries are branches from what artery

A

the right and left subclavian

83
Q

the circle of willis can be found in what meningeal layer

A

SAS

closely related to the optic chiasm

Neuro (17 decks)

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