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Microbiology > Organisms to memories > Flashcards

Organisms to memories Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A
  • Prokaryote
  • gram reaction: G+, streptococcus, endospores
  • Oxygen use: aerobic in vegetative state
  • Disease: Anthrax, cutaneous, inhalation, intestinal
  • Resivoir: soil, envt, animal hides
  • Transmition: soil, contaminated food, zoonotic
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2
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: micoaerophile
  • Disease: Gastroenteritis, diahhera
  • Resivoir: animal gut
  • Transmition: Fecal/oral
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3
Q

Candida albicans

A
  • Domain: eukaryote (fungi)
  • Desease: vaginal yeast infection, thrush, candidiasis, septicimia
  • resivour: normal flora of mouth, vagina, rectum and GI track
  • Transmission: self infection, person to person, nosocomial (aka from hospital)
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4
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: Positive and bacillus and endospores
  • Oxagen use: anarobiclly in vegetative state
  • Disease: Botulism
  • Resivoir: soil
  • Transmition: dirty food
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5
Q

Clostridium difficile

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: Positive and bacillus and endospores
  • Oxagen use: anarobiclly in vegetative state
  • Disease: C diff.
  • Resivoir: soil, normal gut
  • Transmition: self infect, fecal/oral, hand sanitizer doesn’t kill endospores
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6
Q

Clostridium tetani

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: Positive and bacillus and endospores
  • Oxagen use: anarobiclly in vegetative state
  • Disease: tetnus, neonatal tetanus
  • Resivoir: soil
  • Transmition: dirty puncture wound
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7
Q

Enterococcus faecalis

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram+, cocci
  • Oxagen use: fermantative
  • Disease: Uti, endocarditise, VRE, abdominal infections, wound infections, nosocomial
  • S. typhi causes typhoid fever
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: Fecal/oral, fomite, poor hand hygiene
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8
Q

Escherichia coli

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: negative random rod
  • Oxagen use: facultative anaerobe
  • Disease: UTI, travilars diarrhea, gastroenteritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome
  • Resivoir: normal inhabitant of colon of warm blooded animals
  • Transmition: fecal/oral, self infection(UTI)
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9
Q

Giardia lambila

A
  • Domain: Eucaryotes (protozoan)
  • Disease: giardia, beaver fever
  • Resivoir: GI track of vertebrate
  • Transmition: fecal/oral
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10
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: capnophile, FA
  • Disease: meningities, epiglottis, otitis
  • Resivoir: human and animal URT
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets, airborn
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11
Q

Helicobacter pylori

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, spirillum
  • Oxagen use: micoaerophile
  • Disease: Stomic ulcers, gastritis
  • Resivoir: unknown
  • Transmition: unkown fecal/oral
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12
Q

Hepatitis A virus

picornaviradae

A
  • Virus
  • SsRNA
  • Non-enveloped
  • Disease: infectious hepatitis, opertuneistic, STD
  • Resivoir: human gut, contaminated shell fish
  • Transmition: Fecal/oral
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13
Q

Hepatitis B virus

Hepadnaviridae

A
  • Virus
  • dsDNA partially
  • enveloped
  • Disease: Hep B
  • Resivoir: Infected human blood and body fluids
  • Transmition: Blood born
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14
Q

Hepatitis C virus

flaviviradae

A
  • Virus
  • SsRNA
  • Non-enveloped
  • Disease: hepatitis C
  • Resivoir: human blood, and body fluids, chimps
  • Transmition: Transfusion, infected needles, breast feeding, STD
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15
Q

Human herpes virus

HHV2

A
  • Virus
  • dsDNA
  • enveloped
  • Disease: Genital herpes
  • Resivoir: Human reproductive track
  • Transmition: STD
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16
Q

Human herpes virus

HHV3

A
  • Virus
  • dsDNA
  • enveloped
  • Disease: Chickenpox, shingles
  • Resivoir: Human URT
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets
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17
Q

Human herpes virus

HHV4 or HHV5

A
  • HHV4= Epstine bar
  • HHV5= Cytomegalovirus
  • dsDNA
  • enveloped
  • Disease: Mono
  • Resivoir: Human URT
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets

all hhv are latent

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18
Q

HIV human immunodeficiency virus

retroviridae

A
  • Domain: acellular
  • ssRNA
  • enveloped
  • disease: AID’s
  • Resivoir: human blood and body fluids
  • Transmition: Contact with infected body fluids, STD
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19
Q

Human herpes virus

HHV1

A
  • Virus
  • dsDNA
  • enveloped
  • Disease: cold sores, encephalitis
  • Resivoir: Human mucus membrain
  • Transmition: respitory droplets
20
Q

Influenza virus

Orthomyxoviradae

A
  • ssRNA
  • enveloped
  • diseaes: influenza
  • reservoir: URT humans, pigs, birds
  • transmission: Resperatory droplets
21
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: facaltative anarobe
  • Disease: opertuneistic especially of immune compromised
  • Disease: URT, UTI, pneumoniae, nosocomial
  • Resivoir: Human And animal guts, soil, water
  • Transmition: Contact, fomite, contaminated hands
22
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram+, random rod
  • Oxagen use: facultative anaerobes
  • Disease: damage to fetus, meningitis in immun compromised, sepsis in neonates
  • Resivoir: envt, human gut carriers
  • Transmition: Food
23
Q

measles virus

paramyxoviradae

A
  • Domain: acellular
  • ssRNA
  • enveloped
  • disease: rubella(measles)
  • Resivoir: infected human URT
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets
24
Q

Mycobacterium leprae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: acid fast, gram stain irrelevant
  • Oxagen use: can not be grow on artificial media, armadillos used
  • Disease: Leporsy
  • Resivoir: armadillos and humans
  • Transmition: unkown
25
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: acid fast, gram stain irrelevant
  • Oxagen use: arobic
  • Disease: Tuberculosis
  • Resivoir: animals and humans and envt
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets, carrier contact
26
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, diplococci
  • Oxagen use: capnophili
  • Disease: Gonorrhea
  • Resivoir: Human reproductive tract
  • Transmition: STD
27
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, diplococci
  • Oxagen use: capnophili
  • Disease: meningitis
  • Resivoir: Human URT carriers
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets
28
Q

Norovirus

caliciviridae

A
  • Virus
  • SsRNA
  • Non enveloped
  • Disease: Acute viral gastroenteritis ( the stomach flu)
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: Direct contact with infected person, contaminated food or water, aerosolization of contaminated fluids (vomit, feces)
29
Q

Plasmodium sp.

A
  • Domain: Eucaryotes (protozoan)
  • gram reaction:
  • Oxagen use:
  • Disease: malaria
  • Resivoir: infected Anopheles mosquitos
  • Transmition: bite from infected female anopheles mosquitos
30
Q

Polio virus

picornaviradae

A
  • Virus
  • SsRNA
  • Non-enveloped
  • Disease: polio
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: fecal/oral
31
Q

Prions

A
  • infected proteins
  • Desease: Mad cow, Bovine spagnoform encaphalophathy (BSE),
  • Disease: Creutzfeldt-Jakobs
  • reserviour: unkown
  • transmission: unkown, or eating infected neurological tissue
32
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: aerobic
  • Disease: opertunistic, skin infections, resp, almost any body system
  • Resivoir: Soil, gut, normal skin flora, moist envt
  • Transmition: contact with contaminated objects
33
Q

rabies virus

rhabdoviridae

A
  • Domain: acellular
  • ssRNA
  • enveloped
  • disease: rabies
  • Resivoir: infected mammal salivary glands and nervousness tissue
  • Transmition: Bite from infected mammal (zoonotic)
34
Q

Salmonella sp.

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, cocco bacilli
  • Oxagen use: facultative anaerobes
  • Disease: gastroenteritis, salmonella,
  • S. typhi causes typhoid fever
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: Fecal/oral
35
Q

Shigella sp.

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, Random rod
  • Oxagen use: facultative anaerobes
  • Disease: gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: Fecal/oral
36
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: Positive and looks like staphylococcus (grapes of circles)
  • Oxagen use: facultative anaerobe?
  • Disease: Skin, wound and bone infections, MSRA, VISA, CAMSRA, food poising, this microb is opertunistic
  • Resivoir: normal inhabitant of skin/membrains, nose, groin, arm pit, mucous, infected areas
  • Transmition: person to person, self infection, contact with contaminated fomites
37
Q

Streptococcu pneumoniae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram+, streptococcus
  • Oxagen use: aerotolerent
  • Disease: , pneumoniae, meningitis, Otitis
  • Resivoir: URT humans carriers
  • Transmition: respitory droplets
38
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: Positive and streptococcus shape (lines of cocci)
  • Oxagen use: fermantative, either aero tolerant or FA
  • Disease: Skin infections, streptococcus throat, URT infections, scarlet fever, pneumonia, others
  • Resivoir: normal flora, infected person, skin
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets, carrier contact
39
Q

_Common col_d

rhinovirus, adenovirus, corona virus, others

A
  • Domain: aclluelar
  • disease: common cold
  • Resivoir: infected human URT
  • Transmition: respiratory droplets, contaminated hands, fomites
40
Q

Treponema pallidum

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, spirchete, random
  • Oxagen use: not grown in lab
  • Disease: syphilis, congenital syphilis
  • Resivoir: Human reproductive tract
  • Transmition: STD, enters trough cracked skin or mucous membranes, vertical transmissismission to placenta
41
Q

Vibrio cholerae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: facalative anarobicly
  • Disease: Cholera
  • Resivoir: human gut
  • Transmition: fecal/oral
42
Q

Yersinia pestis

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random rod
  • Oxagen use: facalative anarobicly
  • Disease: Bubonic plague, pneumonic plague
  • Resivoir: Infected fleas and rodents
  • Transmition: bite of infected flea for bubonic
  • transmision: resp. Droplets for pneumonic plague
43
Q

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

papillomaviradae

A
  • Virus
  • DsDNA
  • Non enveloped
  • Disease: warts, genital warts, some stains associated with cancer
  • Resivoir: human skin and mucosa
  • Transmition: direct and indirect contact, sexual contact, casual contact
44
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, coccobacilli
  • intercellular paricite
  • Disease: Trachoma, blindness, STD, urethritis
  • Resivoir: Human mucus membrains
  • Transmition: STD, fomite, touching infected eye
45
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, coccobacilli
  • intercellular paricite
  • Disease: Pneumonia, atypical
  • Resivoir: Human mucus membranes
  • Transmition: Respiratory droplets
46
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, random spirochete
  • mico areophile
  • Disease: Lyme disease
  • Resivoir: Zoonotic, involving two mammals and lxodes tick
  • Transmition: Infected tick bite
47
Q

Rickettsia sp.

A
  • Domain: Procayote (bacteria)
  • gram reaction: gram-, coccobacilli, random
  • intercellular parasite
  • Diseass: R. Prowazekii= epidemic typhus
  • R. rickettsia = Rocky Mountain spotted fever
  • R. typhoid = endemic typhus
  • Resivoir: animals
  • Transmition: Bite of infected, flea, tick, mites or lice

Microbiology (11 decks)

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