organic chemistry Flashcards
what is a alkane?
saturated compound
what type of bond does a alkane have?
single
what is a hydrocarbon?
compound formed by hydrogen and carbon
what are properties of short hydrocarbon?
- flammable
- more runny
- less viscous
what is equation for complete combustion?
hydrogen + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water (energy)
what is crude oil?
fossil fuel
what is crude oil made from?
buried remains of plankton from millions of years ago
what are used for crude oil?
- detergents
- solvents
- lubricants
- fuel
what is cackling?
splitting up long chain hydrocarbons
what does cracking produce?
alkene
what are the two methods for cracking?
- heat them then pass over catalyst (powered aluminium oxide)
- heat them and mix them with steam
what type of bond do alkenes have?
double
what is general formula for alkene?
CnH2n
what is general formula for alkane?
CnH2n+2
what is functional group for carboxylic acid?
COOH
what is functional group for alcohols?
OH
how many products does addition polymerisation make?
only one
how many products does condensation polymerisation make?
two - polymer and small molecule
name an example of carboxylic acid?
esters
what does ethanoic acid + ethanol make?
ethyl ethanoate
what are polymers?
long chain of repeating monomers
what can alcohols be used as?
- solvents
* fuels
what is the equation for fermentation?
sugar ~ ethanol + carbon dioxide
what temp does fermentation happen at?
37°c
