Oral Microbiology - Leys

Question 1

DNA that enters a bacterial cell can be…

Answer 1

degraded, integrated into the host chromosome

or integrated into a plasmid

Question 2

What do bacteria use to degrade foreign DNA?

Answer 2

restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes

Question 3

________ is the uptake of naked DNA by “competent cells”

Answer 3

Transformation

Question 4

_______ is the transfer of DNA between bacteria through a virus.

Answer 4

Transduction

Question 5

_______ is the transfer of DNA through cell to cell contact using a sex pilus

Answer 5

Conjugation

Question 6

Which mutation is least likely to cause antibiotic resistance?

Answer 6

Deletions

Question 7

Subgingival bacteria are generally ________. Supragingivla bacteria are generally _______.

Answer 7

Proteolitic

Saccrolitic

Question 8

What factors inhibit colonization in the oral cavity?

Answer 8

antimicrobial properties of saliva, mechanical shearing, antagonistic bacteria

Question 9

What factors promote colonization in the oral cavity?

Answer 9

adherence properties, synergistic bacteria, nutritional substrates and temperature and moisture content

Question 10

The tissue destruction that occurs during _________ is mainly the result of the host response

Answer 10

periodonititis

Question 11

There is a _______ (small/large) shift from gram positive to gram negative during periodontitis.

Answer 11

small

Question 12

Does microbial diversity increase or decrease in caries?

Answer 12

decrease

Question 13

What are CRISPRs?

Answer 13

sequence elements that recognize foreign DNA