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Oral Medicine- Cancer > Oral Complications > Flashcards

Oral Complications Flashcards

1
Q

Define three acute oral complications

A

Mucosal, salivary, neurosensory

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2
Q

Define four chronic oral complications

A

Mucosal, salivary, neurosensory, trismus

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3
Q

Define four other oral complications

A

Esthetics, speech, nutrition, ORN

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4
Q

State four acute oral complications or radiation therapy

A

Mucositis, hypogeusia/dysgeusia, xerostomia, fungal infections

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5
Q

State seven late oral complications of radiation therapy

A
  1. Osteoradionecrosis
  2. Dental caries
  3. Trismus
  4. Increased loss of periodontal attachment
  5. nutritional deficiences
  6. fungal infections
  7. Chronic pain
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6
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

NCI Grade 0

A

None

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7
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

NCI Grade 1

A

Painless ulcers, erythema, or mild soreness in the absence of ulcers

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8
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

NCI Grade 2

A

Painful erythema, edema, or ulcers but eating or swallowing possible

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9
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

NCI Grade 3

A

Painful erythema, edema, or ulcers requiring IV hydration

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10
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

NCI Grade 4

A

Severe ulceration requiring parenteral or enteral nutritional support or prophylactic intubation

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11
Q

Complications of Radiation NCI Therapy: Oral Mucositis

Grade 5

A

Death related to toxicity

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12
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

WHO Grade 0

A

None

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13
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

WHO Grade 1

A

Soreness, +/- erythema, no ulceration

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14
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

WHO Grade 2

A

Erythema, ulcers, patients can swallow solid diet

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15
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

WHO Grade 3

A

Ulcers, extensive erythema. Patients cannot swallow solid diet.

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16
Q

Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis

WHO Grade 4

A

Oral mucositis to the extent that alimentation is not possible

17
Q

Describe osteoradionecrosis

A

An area of exposed, devitalized, irradiated bone that fails to heal over a period of 3-6 months in the absence of neoplastic disease

18
Q

Osteoradionecrosis occurs more often in the ____

A

Mandible

19
Q

Risk factors for Osteoradionecrosis

A
  • > 60 Gy of radiation/high number of fractionations
  • Mandible is in the field of radiation
  • Local trauma
  • proximity of tumor to bone
  • Tumor site is within the bone
  • Poor oral hygiene/oral health
20
Q

Trismus can be a complication of ____ therapy

A

Radiation

21
Q

Define trismus

A

Result of contraction of the masticatory muscles and TMJ capsules

22
Q

Maximum opening can be reduced up to ___ to ____ mm with trismus

A

5-15 mm

23
Q

Xerostomia/Salivary Gland hypofunction: Prevention

A

Cancer treatment planning, amifostine

24
Q

Xerostomia/Salivary Gland hypofunction: Viscous saliva

A

Mucolytic aegnts

25
Q

Xerostomia/Salivary Gland hypofunction: excess saliva

A

xerostomatic (anticholinergic) medications

26
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Topical Anesthetic: ____

A

Topical Anesthesia

27
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Analgesic: _____

A

Elevate pain threshold

28
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Anti-inflammatory: ____

A

Reduce inflammation; mild to moderate analgesic

29
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Antimicrobial: _____

A

Modify pathologic process

30
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Anticonvulsant: _____

A

Modify pathologic process

31
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Anxiolytic: ____

A

Anti-anxiety

32
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Antidepressant: ____

A

Reduce depression; analgesic effect; promote sound sleep

33
Q

Orofacial Pain:
Category of Meds: Action
Muscle relaxant: _____

A

Reduce muscle tension or spasm

Oral Medicine- Cancer (8 decks)

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