Oral Complications Flashcards
Define three acute oral complications
Mucosal, salivary, neurosensory
Define four chronic oral complications
Mucosal, salivary, neurosensory, trismus
Define four other oral complications
Esthetics, speech, nutrition, ORN
State four acute oral complications or radiation therapy
Mucositis, hypogeusia/dysgeusia, xerostomia, fungal infections
State seven late oral complications of radiation therapy
- Osteoradionecrosis
- Dental caries
- Trismus
- Increased loss of periodontal attachment
- nutritional deficiences
- fungal infections
- Chronic pain
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
NCI Grade 0
None
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
NCI Grade 1
Painless ulcers, erythema, or mild soreness in the absence of ulcers
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
NCI Grade 2
Painful erythema, edema, or ulcers but eating or swallowing possible
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
NCI Grade 3
Painful erythema, edema, or ulcers requiring IV hydration
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
NCI Grade 4
Severe ulceration requiring parenteral or enteral nutritional support or prophylactic intubation
Complications of Radiation NCI Therapy: Oral Mucositis
Grade 5
Death related to toxicity
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
WHO Grade 0
None
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
WHO Grade 1
Soreness, +/- erythema, no ulceration
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
WHO Grade 2
Erythema, ulcers, patients can swallow solid diet
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
WHO Grade 3
Ulcers, extensive erythema. Patients cannot swallow solid diet.
Complications of Radiation Therapy: Oral Mucositis
WHO Grade 4
Oral mucositis to the extent that alimentation is not possible
Describe osteoradionecrosis
An area of exposed, devitalized, irradiated bone that fails to heal over a period of 3-6 months in the absence of neoplastic disease
Osteoradionecrosis occurs more often in the ____
Mandible
Risk factors for Osteoradionecrosis
- > 60 Gy of radiation/high number of fractionations
- Mandible is in the field of radiation
- Local trauma
- proximity of tumor to bone
- Tumor site is within the bone
- Poor oral hygiene/oral health
Trismus can be a complication of ____ therapy
Radiation
Define trismus
Result of contraction of the masticatory muscles and TMJ capsules
Maximum opening can be reduced up to ___ to ____ mm with trismus
5-15 mm
Xerostomia/Salivary Gland hypofunction: Prevention
Cancer treatment planning, amifostine
Xerostomia/Salivary Gland hypofunction: Viscous saliva
Mucolytic aegnts
