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Anatomy Test 4 > Oral and Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Oral and Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

List of the muscles of the floor of the mouth from superficial to deep.

A

mylohyoid, geniohyoid

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2
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles of the floor of the mouth?

A

Mylohoid–nerve to mylohoid (from inferior alveolar nerve of V3)
Geniohyoid–C1 via CN12

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3
Q

Where is the location of the duct opening for the parotid gland?

A

external to the 2nd upper molar

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4
Q

Where is the location of the duct opening for the sublingual gland?

A

15-20 openings along the sublingual fold on lateral aspects of the base of the tongue

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5
Q

Where is the location of the duct opening for the submandibular gland? what does the duct cross?

A

submandibular papilla on floor of mouth; lingual nerve

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6
Q

List the four types of lingual papilla.

A

filiform, foliate, fungiform, cirumvallate

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7
Q

Which lingual papilla exhibits taste buds?

A

Circumvallete and fungiform

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8
Q

Which lingual papillae may keratinize?

A

filiforme and fungiform

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9
Q

what does the foramen cecum represent?

A

the opening of the thyroglassal duct what was the spot from which the thyroid gland descended as an epithelial invagination.

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10
Q

Where is the foramen cecum found?

A

median put at the apex of the V-sulcus terminalis

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11
Q

what is the thyroglossal duct?

A

the spot from which the thyroid gland descended as an epithelial invagination

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12
Q

List the extrinsic muscles of the tongue and their innervation?

A

genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus–all CN XII, EXCEPT palatoglossus–CN IX via X

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13
Q

Be able to label a diagram of the dorsal surface often tongue and epiglottis showing the pattern innervation for taste and general sensation, as well as anatomical regions/structures.

A

:)

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14
Q

What is the bony composition of the hard palate?

A

palatine process of the maxilla, horizontal plate of the palatine

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15
Q

which muscles comprise the soft palate?

A

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, musculus uvulae, levator veli palatini, tensor palatini

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16
Q

into what do the muscles of the soft palate insert?

A

palatine aponeurosis

17
Q

what is the action/innervation of the palatoglossus?

A

pulls the lateral aspects of the tongue superiorly; CN XI via X

18
Q

what is the action/innervation of the palatopharyngeus?

A

pulls the wall upward, forward and medial to shorten the pharynx and constrict the oropharyngeal isthmus by adducting the posterior pharyngeal pillars; CN XI via X

19
Q

what is the action/innervation of the musculus?

A

elevates and contracts the uvula; CN XI via X

20
Q

what is the action/innervation of the levator palatini?

A

mover, elevator of the soft palate; CN XI via X

21
Q

what is the action/innervation of the tensor palatini?

A

unilaterally it pulls the soft palate to one side, acting bilaterally it will tense, tighten and depress; V3

22
Q

what is the pharyngeal plexus? which soft palate muscle is NOT innervated by this plexus?

A

CN XI via X; tensor palatini–V3

23
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the pharynx and the communications (things that open into) in each region?

A

Nasopharynx–posterior choanae of the nasal cavity
Oropharynx–oral cavity through the posterior arch
Laryngopharynx–larynx

24
Q

What is the innervation and function of the pharyngeal constrictors?

A

All 3 constrictors receive their motor innervation from the pharyngeal plexus. They constrict the pharynx and force contents downward.

25
Q

How is the nasal septum constructed?

A

by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, vomer and septal cartilage

26
Q

be able to label a diagram of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity that illustrates the various meatuses and the non-sinus structures that open into each.

A

:P

27
Q

List the four paranasal air sinuses and their specific site of drainage into the nasal cavity (meatuses).

A

frontal–hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus
maxillary–hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus
sphenoidal–sphenoethmoidal recess
ethmoidal air cells–(anterior) hiatus semilunaris, (middle) bulla ethmoidalis of middle meatus, (posterior) superior meatus

28
Q

where is the olfactory epithelium located?

A

in the uppermost region of the septum, lateral wall and roof of the nasal cavity

29
Q

what are the filia olfactoria?

A

groups of about 20 axon from the bipolar neurons of the olfactory receptor cells in the olfactory epithelium that passes upward thru the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

30
Q

what is the function of the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone?

A

to allow filia olfactoria of the olfactory epithelium to pass superiorly into cranial cavity (bulb)

31
Q

where do the olfactory axons first synapse?

A

in the overlying olfactory bulb

32
Q

what is the major innervation and arterial supply to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

the maxillary division of the trigeminal and the sphenopalatine artery

33
Q

name the cartilages that form the larynx and epiglottis

A

cicroid, two arytenoid, thyroid, epiglottis

34
Q

what type of cartilage forms the larynx? the epiglottis? why?

A

larynx–hyaline cartilage because its less flexible
epiglottis–elastic cartilage because it folds down to allow food/water to pass over opening of larynx each time swallowing occurs so it must be able to “spring” back

35
Q

list the primary extrinsic laryngeal muscles, their function and innervation.

A

sternothyroid (ansa) and thyrohyoid (C1 via XII); stabilize or move the larynx as a whole

36
Q

ist the primary intrinsic laryngeal muscles, their function and innervation.

A 
posterior cricoarytenoid (recurrent laryngeal n)--sole abductor of vocal cords
transverse, oblique arytenoids, lateral cricoarytenoid, thryoarytenoid (recurrent larygneal nn)--adductors of the vocal cords
cicrothyroid (external laryngeal n)--adductor of vocal cord
37
Q

what is the pattern of sensory innervation of the larynx?

A

the mucus membrane above the vocal folds receives sensory innervation from the internal laryngeal n; below the vocal cords it is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Anatomy Test 4 (8 decks)

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