opposition, resistance and suppression and 1948-55

Question 1

When was the ANC youth league founded?

Answer 1

1943

Question 2

Who founded the ANCYL?

Answer 2

Mandela, Tambo, Sisulu and Anton

Question 3

What did founders of the ANCYL feel about old ANC?

Answer 3

Criticised them for trying to win respect of whites through good behaviour

Question 4

What were ANCYL actions like?

Answer 4

Moer militant

Question 5

Did the ANCYL work with other parties?

Answer 5

Didn’t want to cooperate with Indian National Congress as saw them as non-Africans

Didn’t want to be involved with communist party as they weren’t christians and were multi-racial

Question 6

When was the Programme of Action?

Answer 6

1949 - ANC

Question 7

What did the Programme of Action entail?

Answer 7

rejected racial segregation completely

work independently of whites

take non-violent action - boycotts, strikes and civil disobedience

Question 8

How effective was opposition 1948-54?

Answer 8

ANC - became increasingly militant as it joins with YL

SACP - action in 1950 and links with ANC (after death of Lembede in 1947)

SAIC - links with ANC for protests such as the Defiance Campaign in 1952

Question 9

What did the SACP do in 1950?

Answer 9

organised May Day strike against the government

Question 10

What were the results of the May Day strike result in?

Answer 10

18 shot
thousands arrested
more laws passed

Question 11

What did the ANC do in June 1950?

Answer 11

Copied SACP and organised National Day of Protest - large scale strikes and mass arrests

Question 12

When was the Suppression of Communism Act?

Answer 12

1950

Question 13

What did the 1950 Suppression of Communism Act do?

Answer 13

Offenders could be banned

Any anti gov activity counted as communist which stopped national outcry

Question 14

What did the ANC and SAIC do in 1952?

Answer 14

Defiance Campaign to break apartheid laws

Question 15

What did the 1952 Defiance Campaign result in?

Answer 15

1000’s arrested
ANC membership 7000-10,000
raised awareness

Question 16

When was the Criminal Law Amendment?

Answer 16

1953

Question 17

What did the 1953 Criminal Law Amendment entail?

Answer 17

Make it illegal to break other laws as a protest, to assist or persuade others to do so

Question 18

When was the Public Safety Act?

Answer 18

1953

Question 19

What did the 1953 Public Safety Act entail?

Answer 19

Allowed gov to declare a state of emergency and suspend all laws if it thought there was threat of major disturbance

Question 20

What happened to Mandela in 1953?

Answer 20

Banned until 1961

Question 21

Who became president of ANC in 1953?

Answer 21

Lutuli

Question 22

name 5 ways the status was undermined pre-1954

Answer 22

Petty apartheid 
Bantu Education Act
Racial classification 
Geographical separation
Employment opportunities

Question 23

what happened to coloureds in 1955?

Answer 23

vote removed under president Stijdom