October 9 Flashcards
Methanotrophy
Type of methylotroph that specifically uses CH4
Methane monooxygenase
Methylotrophy
MOs use compounds with a single carbon e- donor and carbon source
Methane monooxygenase
Methylococcus
Sugar Metabolism
Many chemoorganotrophs use sugars, transfer energy from sugar to ATP
Two common polysaccharides: cellulose and starch
Amylase breaks down starch
Cellulase breaks down cellulose
Cellulose
Structural sugar
Beta(1->4) linked glucose
Breaks down into glucose by cellulase
Starch
Energy storage
Glucose and fructose
Broken down my amylase
Starch hydrolysis test
Uses starch agar
- Inoculate
- Incubate
- Add starch indicator (Gram’s Iodine)
Zone of clearing indicates amylase positive
Cellulose Degradation
Enzyme: Cellulase (not produced by animals)
Herbivores have symbiotic microbes in their gut to produce cellulase (rumens, and some insects)
Simmon’s Citrate Agar
Slant
pH indicator: Bromothymol blue (green= neutral, blue= alkaline, yellow= acidic)
Production of NaHCO3 and NH3 results in alkaline pH (green to blue)
E. aerogenes is citrate positive
Citrate (extracellular)——> citrate permease—–> intracellular citrate—–> CO2
IMViC Test
Distinguishes E. coli from E. aerogenes
Indol
Motility
Vogue’s Proskaur
Citrate
Lipid Metabolism
Enzyme: Lipase
Spirit Blue Agar
Triglycerides—> Lipase—>fatty acids
Lipid Test
Spirit Blue Agar
Use many oils (we use emulsified cottonseed oil)
Dark blue
Zone of clearing indicates lipase presense
Desulfotomaculum
Biomineralization of arsenic trisulfide (As2S3)
Reduces arsenic
Can be used to clean toxic waste
Bioremediation
Central Dogma
- Replication
- Transcription
- Translation
Transcription
DNA–> RNA
mRNA codes polypeptides
tRNA adds aa to chain
rRNA
Translation
Info in RNA is used to make a polypeptide
