obgyn incorrects Flashcards
1
Q
what are the sympotms of sheehan syndrome?
A
postpartum woman who cant breastfeed
all pituitary enzymes decreased
2
Q
bacterial vaginosis?
A
vaginal discharge with fishy odor and clue cells
ph more than 4.5
3
Q
trichomonas vaginosis?
A
green discharge with trichomonas
4
Q
candida vaginitis?
A
cottage cheese in vagina with normal ph
5
Q
threatened abortion
A
less than 20 weeks
vaginal bleeding
closed os
6
Q
inevitable abortion
A
cramping, bleeding
open os
fetal products in uterus
7
Q
missed abortion
A
nonviable pregnancy on ultrasound
no bleeding
closed os
8
Q
incomplete abortion
A
partial expulsion of fetal material with open os
9
Q
how much weight should a normal woman gain during pregnancy?
A
25-35 pounds
10
Q
when to start mammograms?
A
age 50
11
Q
what do you give women you cant make milk?
A
d2 antaagonist such as metoclopramide
12
Q
gold standard for endometriosis?
A
laparoscopy
13
Q
adenomyosis?
A
endometrial tissue in myometrium
middle aged women
14
Q
salpingitis?
A
fever and vaginal discharge
15
Q
endometriosis causes
A
adnexal enlargement and pain, can be bilateral
16
Q
biggest risk factor for endometrial cancer?
A
obesity, because of estrogen
17
Q
straw colored discharge from nipple?
A
intraductal pappiloma
18
Q
invasive ductal carcinoma?
A
lump
nipple retraction
microcalcifications
19
Q
breast fibrocystic disease?
A
lumpiness
premenstrual tenderness and swelling
20
Q
lobular carcinoma in situ?
A
incidental finding
no symptoms
must be excised
21
Q
whats the difference between gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
A
precclampsia has proteinuria and end organ damage evidence
22
Q
what drugs treat gestational hypertension?
A
methyldopa, nifedipine, hydralazine, labetalol
23
Q
chorioamniotis?
A
infection before delivery
fetal or maternal tachycardia
maternal fever tenderness
foul smelling discharge
24
Q
endometritis?
A
after delivery
fever
tenderness
foul smelling discharge
25
what does sinusoidal pattern during pregnancy mean?
severe fetal anemia
26
what causes sinusoidal pattern?
hypoxia, rh isoimmunization
27
what does pressure on fetal head cause?
early decelerations
28
what does uteroplacental insufficiency cause?
late decelerations
29
what does umbilical cord compressions cause?
variable decelerations
30
what does congenital heart block cause?
fetal bradycardia
31
symptoms of ectopic pregnancy?
6-8 weeks since last period
abdominal pain +vaginal bleeding
unilateral adnexal pain +tenderness
pregnancy symptoms or positive pregnancy test
32
symptoms of ovarian torsion?
pelvic pain
adnexal mass
waves of nausea and vomiting
33
ductal carcinoma in situ?
usually no sympotms
calcifications within breast ducts
34
symptoms of placental abruption?
vaginal bleeding abdominal pain
no reassuring fetal heart tones
uterine irritability
35
placental accreta
placental villi goes into endometrial decidua
36
placental increta
placental villi go into myometrium
37
placental percreta
placental villi can reach bladder
38
uterine rupture symptoms?
abdominal pain, no vaginal bleeding
worsening abdominal pain between contractions, babys head goes back in
previous uterine surgery such as c section
39
vasa previa symptoms
large fetal vessel over cervix
painless bleeding and fetal bradycardia, nonreassuring fetal heart tones
velamentous cord insertion
40
placenta previa symptoms?
third semester bleeding
painless, nontender uterus
placena over internal cervical os
41
symptoms of choriocarcinoma?
recent pregnancy
BHCG over 50000
vague symptoms like abdominal fullness
42
what does choriocarcinoma look like?
sheets of atypical cells, necrosis, hemhorrage
43
complete mole looks like
enlarges chorionic villi with hyperplasia
44
partial mole looks like
variable sized chorionic villi with scalloping and trophoblastic inclusions
45
esophageal atresia is associated with
polyhydramnios and accumulation of amniotic fluid
46
what are the causes of polyhydramnios?
anything that affects swallowing
gestational diabetes
infections
congenital abdnormalities
multiple gestations
47
intrauteral growth restriction causes
olighydromnios
obesity in later life
48
what is the appropriate cervicel cancer screening for women
30-65
pap smear every 3 years
cytology +HPV testing every 5 years
49
granulosa theca cell tumor symptoms?
high estrogen
precocious puberty
menstrual irregularites in postemenopausal women
palpable mass
50
sertoli leydig tumor symptoms?
virilization
palpable mass
51
treatment for trichimoniasis?
metronidazole
52
when is anti d globulin prophylaxis adminsitered?
risk of fetomaternal bleeding or abortion
53
treatment for ecclampsia?
iv magnesium sulfate, betamethasone (less than 34 weeks), vaginal delivery
54
what causes IUGR?
pregnancy using assisted reproductive technology
abnormal placental vasculature
fetal undernutrition
genetic or congenital abnormalities
gestational hypertension, diabetes, teratogens, preeclampsia
55
when is colposcopy required?
patient over 30 with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion found with unknown or positive HPV
patients 25-29 regardless of HPV status with LSIL
56
what to do if patient is over 30, LSIL but negative HPV?
repeat cytology with HPV cotesting in one year
57
when should pap be done?
30-65, every 5 years
58
Patients 21-24 with LSIL, what to do?
repeat cytology in one year
59
symptoms of molar pregnancy?
larger than expected uterune size
n/v, high BP, vaginal bleeding
high bHCG
60
what are the risk factors for shoulder dystocia during pregnancy?
macrosomia
maternal diabetes
post term pregnancy
prolonged second stage of labor
multiparity
61
treatment of shoulder dystocia?
mcroberts maneuver and suprapublic pressure
62
diabetic mothers can cause what in infants?
rds hypoglycemia hypocalcemia polycythemia hypomagnesemia
63
fetal growth restriction, preterm baby, what do you do?
if viable, give betamethasone and induce labor
64
end diastolic flow reversal in fetus, what does it mean?
fetal growth restriction, ominous, deliver baby
65
signs of ectopic pregnancy
normal signs of early pregnncy
positive pregnancy test or missed period
presence of cystic massm grape like clusters
66
second stage of labor?
between full dilation and delivery, should last 3 hours
67
latent phase of pregnancy?
dilation up to 3-4cm
68
endometriosis presents as
pelvic pain
pain with defecation
pelvic tenderness
infertility
adnexal mass
69
endometrial hyperplasia?
obese, pcos, estrogen replacement therapy
early menopause, abnormal bleedimg
70
inevitable abortion?
less than 20 weeks
open cervical os
bleeding
71
what happens with vasa previa?
induction of labor
72
what is hydrosalpinx?
collection of fluid inside fallopian tube
complication of salpingitis/ PID causes infertility
pelvic pain with sausage like lesions
73
tuboovarian abscess?
complication of PID
fever, abd pain, leukocytosis
cystic masses on ultrasound
74
gartner duct cyst
asymptomatic cyst on back of vagina
75
evidence of choriocarcinoma?
blue black papules on vagina
high bhCG
abdominal tenderness
shortness of breath from pulmonary nodules
history of pregnancy, abortion, molar pregnancy
76
dysgerminoma presents as
abdominal fullness with mass
high LDH
no history of pregnancy
77
epithelioid trophoblastic tumor
years after pregnancy
slow growing uterine mass with abdominal fullness
78
placental site trophoblastic tumor symptoms?
presents a few months after pregnancy, high HPL
79
how does cervical testing work?
pap smear every 3 years at age 21
pap +HPV every 5 years at 30
80
risk factors for premature rupture of membrane?
UTI
previous pprom
smoking
81
when to do rh D immuno rescreening?
28 weeks
antepartum bleeding
82
treatment for lactational mastitis?
dicloxacillin
83
what if a patient has previous history of pregnancy with ntd?
incrase folic acid to 3 mg
84
what is the treatment for uterine fibroids?
myomectomy
85
uterine fibroids symptoms?
african american female
dysmenhorrea
pelvic pressure
86
causes of breech presentation?
gestational age
multiple gestation
fetal abnormalities
prior breech delivery
tumors
87
hirustism of PCOS is treated with
spironoalactone
88
anovulation of PCOS is treated with
clomiphene
89
visible lesion on cervix what do you do?
biopsy
90
patient over 24 with pap smear with ASCUS, what to do?
hpv testing
91
mother who is AFP positive, what to do?
amniocentesis to look for AFP and acetylcholinesterase for NTD
92
how to treat endometriosis?
OCP +nsaids
93
patient with suspected ectopic pregnancy with negative ultrasound and high Bhcg, what to do next?
repeat elevated HCG in 48-72 hours
94
palpable mass but nothing seen on mammogram, what to do?
ultrasound
