Nucleus Flashcards
NPS
nuclear pore complex
NLS
nuclear localization signal, help protein enter
NES
helps protein leave
importin/exportin
nls/nes aid in recognize. energy dependent process, GTP hydrolysis
nucleolus
functions to assemble ribosome subunits. site of rRNA transcription, rRNA processing, rRNA and ribosome protein assembly
what is chromatin made up of?
nucleosomes
what is nucleosome made up of?
core particle of 8 histone
heterochromatic
highly condensed transcriptionally inactive chromatin
euchromatin
lightly stained, less condensed, available for transcription. found near nuclear pores
barr body
one entire x chromosome is silenced by conversion into heterochromatin
which type of dye is heterochromatic preferred by?
basic dyes
laminopathies
alterations in the structure of the nuclear lamina
EDMD (Emery-dreifuss muscular dystrophy)
nuclear envelope
a 2 membrane system that encloses a perinuclear cisterna and consists of inner nuclear membrane and outer nuclear membranes that are continuous at the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs)
nucleolus
one more small rounded structure within the nucleus in which the synthesis of rRNA and assembly of ribosomal subunits take place
nuclear matrix
protein latticework filling the nucleus that anchors chromosomes for DNA replication and transcription complexes and reinforces the nuclear envelope, imparting stability to the nuclear envelope and plays a role in the structural organization of chromatin
