Norm fxn- Embryology Flashcards
The laryngeal cartilage (NCC’s) and intramural ganglia arise from which germ layer?
Ectoderm
The splanchnic mesodern and smotomeres arise from which germ layer?
Mesoderm
What are the 2 things that the splanchnic mesoderm forms in the respiratory system?
Cartilages and smooth muscle of the airway
What is the 1 thing that the somitomeres form in the respiratory system?
Skeletal muscle of the larynx
The epithelial lining and glands arise from which germ layer?
Endoderm
The 2 esophagotracheal ridges come together and make a septum that separates the trachea and esophagus at which week?
4th week
Which pharyngeal arch is the cricothyroid m. from?
4th
Which n. innervates the cricothyroid m?
Superior laryngeal n.
All the laryngeal intrinsic musculature is innervated by which nerve from the 6th parhyngeal arch?
Vagus (X)
During stage 1 of the lung formation, the lungs grow into the cavity and the what does the airway divide into?
Primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi.
Stage 2 (pseudoglandular stage) has lung growth with mucous glands, and what other structure forms?
Terminal bronchioles
Stage 3 (Canalicular stage) has the growth of respiratory bronchiles and alveolar ducts whcih allows what to happen?
Gas exchange
Stage 4 (terminal sac stage) has the presence of which cells?
Alveolar cells (type I and II)
Stage 5 (alveolar) happens until you’re 8 y/o because what happens?
Alvoli continue to mature and increase in # and size
If the baby has an atresia or fistula, will there be polyhydraminos or oligohydraminos?
Polyhydraminos cuz the baby wont swallow the amniotic fluid
What is the biggest Sx with a laryngotrachesophageal cleft?
Aphonia
This is a blind pouch projecting from the trachea.
Tracheal diverticulum
This is when the azygous creates a groove on the superior love of the lung.
Lobe of the azygous vein
What dilates to cause congenital lung cysts?
Terminal bronchi
This is when there is alveolar collapse during expiration due to insufficient surfactant.
Respiratory distress syndrome
In respiratory distress syndrome, the detachment of the alveolar lining causes what morphology of the cells?
Desquamated cells, which look like hyaline cartilage
This is when there are additional lobes of lung tissue arising from the trachea or esophagus.
Ectopic lung tissue
This is when there is agenesis of 1 or both lungs.
Lung hypoplasia
This is the condition where there is extra lung tissue at the base of the L lung and it receives blood from the systemic circulation.
Accessory lung.
