Non-Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

a form of intermediate inheritance where both alleles in the heterozygote express themselves equally

Answer 1

codominance

Question 2

neither allele expresses itself fully, therefore, there are no dominant or recessive alleles. it is nothing but a combined expression of the two alleles in the heterozygous condition producing a blend of the two individual phenotypes. (uppercase letters with superscripts are used)

Answer 2

incomplete dominance

Question 3

when there is a gene existing in more than two allelic forms (e.g. blood types and rabbit fur color)

Answer 3

multiple alleles

Question 4

a biological process that involves the transmission of traits or characters from parents to offspring

Answer 4

sex-linked inheritance

Question 5

caused by the variants in genes on the X chromosome, this is common in males because they have XY chromosomes. (e.g. hemophilia and color blindness)

Answer 5

X-linked recessive inheritance

Question 6

a rare, inherited blood disorder that occurs when the blood doesn’t clot properly because of the lack of Factor VIII is called?

Answer 6

Hemophilia

Question 7

a person cannot distinguish shades of red and green

Answer 7

red-green color blindness

Question 8

caused by the variants in genes on the X chromosome, this is common in males because they have XY chromosomes. (e.g. Rett Syndrome, Incontinentia pigmenti, and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR))

Answer 8

X-linked dominant inheritance

Question 9

causes physical and intellectual disability exclusively in females. symptoms include impairments in language and coordination and repetitive movements. those affected often have slower growth, difficulty walking, and a smaller head size.

Answer 9

Rett Syndrome

Question 10

is an inherited (genetic) condition that affects the skin and other systems in the body

Answer 10

Incontinentia pigmenti

Question 11

is characterized by hypophosphatemia, defective intestinal absorption of calcium, and rickets or osteomalacia unresponsive to vitamin D

Answer 11

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR)

Question 12

only happens if the altered gene that causes the disorder is located on the Y chromosome. it can only be passed from father to son because only males have a Y chromosome. (e.g. ear hypertrichosis, webbed toes, and porcupine man)

Answer 12

Y-linked inheritance

Question 13

is characterized by excessive body hair, especially on the ear

Answer 13

ear hypertrichosis

Question 14

is a web-like connection between the second and third toes

Answer 14

webbed toes

Question 15

occurs when the skin thickens and gradually becomes darker, scaly, rough, and with bristle-like outgrowths

Answer 15

porcupine man

Question 16

a chart that diagrams the inheritance of a trait or health condition through generations of a family

Answer 16

pedigree