Non-Cyanotic CHD

Question 1

What are the cardiac differential diagnoses for a neonate presenting critically unwell in the first 24 hours of life?

Answer 1

Ebstein’s Anomaly
Obstructed TAPVD
Early presentation of a duct dependent lesion...
Critical Aortic Stenosis
Critical coarctation
Hypoplastic left heart

Question 2

What are the differential diagnoses for an infant present in congestive heart failure at 4-6 weeks of age?

Answer 2

Large VSD
PDA
AV canal
Truncus arteriosus
TOF with pulmonary atresia
Single ventricle (no pulmonary stenosis)

Question 3

What are the causes of Left to Right shunts?

Answer 3

ASD
VSD
PDA
AV canal
PAPVD

Question 4

What percentage of CHD patients have an isolated ASD?

What percentage of CHD patients have an ASD as part of more complex disease?

Are ASDs more common in boys or girls? At what ratio?

Answer 4

5-10%

30-50%

Female>Male (2:1)

Question 5

What determines the magnitude of the shunt in an ASD?

What are the consequences of the shunt?

Answer 5

The size of the ASD and the compliance of the ventricles

Increased pulmonary blood flow and volume overload on the right side causing dilatation of right atrium, right ventricle and pulmonary artery