new stuff for ner vous system

Question 1

enteric nervous sytem

Answer 1

• refered to as the second brain due to complex dtructure
• intergreted, mesh like system which is composed of thousands(400-600 million) of small clusters of neurons(ganglia)
  -can carry out functions without the need to communicate to the brain
  -helps regulate digestion
  -neurons and neutrontramitters same like CNS

Question 2

gut microbiota

Answer 2

• comprises of bacteria and million of microorganisms that live in the gastrointestinal tract
• this effects the actiivty of ENS

Question 3

conscious response

Answer 3

• involves awareness and occurs when you have paid attention to the stimulus and produce a voluntary action
• will have control over actions

Question 4

unconscious response

Answer 4

• does not involve awareness
• will not paid attention to simuli
• reaction produced is involtary , unintentional and automatic
• this regulated by ANS, it is a reflective response

Question 5

spinal reflex

Answer 5

• DIFFERENT to reflextive response, spinal reflex is more external
  -controlled by neural circuits in the spinal cord and does not exsit the spine
• does not contain any input from the brain and the brain will only process info after the reaction is produced
• interneurons live in the middle of spinal cord

Question 6

synaptic gap

Answer 6

-tiny space between axon terminal (pre synaptic cleft) and dendrite(post synaptic cleft)

Question 7

blah

Answer 7

neurons communicate with other neurons by sending neurotransmitters across the space between pre synaptic cleft and post synaptic cleft

Question 8

neurotransmitters

Answer 8

neurons communicate with other neurons by sending neurotransmitters across the synaptic gap/cleft
- the post synaptic cleft will send the neurotransmitter and the pre synaptic cleft will receive the neurotransmitter
- they are shot out as chemical through the synaptic cleft and then travels through neurons as electrochemical signals
-chemical substance

Question 9

post and pre synaptic clefts

Answer 9

post synaptic clefts is the axon terminal of one neurons
pre synaptic clefts is the dendrite of another neuron.
-

Question 10

lock and key analogy

Answer 10

-lock is the receptor site at which the neurotransmitter is received. thus it is the post synaptic cleft (dendrite)
- the key is the transmitter at which the neurotransmitter is shot out at. thus it is the pre synaptic cleft(axon terminal)
-transmitter binds to receptor site
-the key binds to the lock

Question 11

types of neurotransmitters

Answer 11

excitatory effects: enhance (Glutamate)
- inhibitory effects: inhibit (GABA)

Question 12

excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 12

they enhance information transmition to post synaptic neurons and make it more likely for the action potential to shoot off
- glutamate
-involved in learning, movementm thinking and perceiving

Question 13

inhibitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 13

they work to make the post synaptic neuron decrease the likeyhood of an action potential to fire off
- anxiety may be cuased with out
- GABA

Question 14

REUPTAKE

Answer 14

sometimes the key does not fit the lock, (post synaptic cleft does not fit the pre synaptic celft)
so when neurotransmitter is shot out it is able to be picked up by the lock so either it gets “reuptake” where it goes back into the key or enzymes clear it up.