New economic policy question

Question 1

Decree on nationalisation

Answer 1

• Decree in nationalisation meant all enterprises were placed under state control, introduced at a time of disruption/factories were deprived of workers due to conscription to the red army
• Gross index industrial output fell from 100 in 1913 to 31 in 1921

Question 2

Resistance to grain requisioning

Answer 2

• Fierce resistance due to compulsory grain requestioning (‘food brigades sent to extract food by force)
• Antonov commanded a guerrilla army some 20,000, however sufficient red army detachments were gathered and sent to Tambov to re-establish government control
• Reds performed mass deportations, summary executions, whole families were taken hostage

Question 3

Ban on private trading

Answer 3

Ban on private trading, designed to prevent peasants from supplying grain to middlemen who sell it on at inflated prices

Created a thriving black market - illegally traded food stuffs developed

Question 4

‘Tax in kind’

Answer 4

• Increase peasant support
• March 1921, compulsory requisioning replced by ‘tax in kind’ peasants hand over proportion of grain they produced
• The peasants were allowed to keep their food surpluses and sell them for profit