Neurosurgery

Question 1

• Ipsilateral loss of propioception/vibration/2-point discrimination
• ipsilateral UMNL and LMNL
• contralateral loss of pain and temperature

Answer 1

Brown-Sequard syndrome

Question 2

Bilateral motor and sensory deficit UE > LE

Answer 2

Central Cord lesion

Question 3

Bilateral motor and pain/temperature loss

Answer 3

Anterior cord lesion

• corticospinal (motor)
• spinothalamic (sensory: pain and temperature)

Question 4

• Ipsilateral loss of propioception

Answer 4

Posterior cord lesion

• Posterior column

Question 5

Artery involved in weakness LE > UE

Answer 5

Anterior cerebral artery

Question 6

Artery involved in:

• weakness of UE > LE
• aphasia if dominant sphere
• hemineglet: non-dominant

Answer 6

Middle cerebral artery

Question 7

Intracranial hemorrhage:

• limited by suture lines
• lentiform between skull and dura
• lucid interval
• bleeding from ruptured ARTERY
• CT scan: conVEX
• middle meningeal artery

Answer 7

Epidural/Extradural

Question 8

Intracranial hemorrhage:

• cresentic between dura and arachnoid
• not limited by suture lines
• bleeding usually from TORN BRIDGING VEINS
• CT scan: conCAVE/crescentic/curved

Answer 8

Subdural

Question 9

Intracranial hemorrhage:

• leakage or rupture of congenital aneurysm on the CIRCLE OF WILLIS
• CT scan: hyperattenuation around the circle of Willis
• between arachnoid and pia matter

Answer 9

Subarachnoid

Question 10

Intracranial hemorrhage:

• rupture of lenticulostruate artery of middle cerebral (hemorrhagic stroke)
• CONTRAlateral hemiplegia
• within the brain parenchyma
• CT scan: hyper-attenuation in the brain parenchyma

Answer 10

Cerebral

Question 11

Lumbar Puncture layers

Answer 11

3S ILEDAS

• skin
• superficial fascia
• supraspinous ligament
• interspinous ligament
• ligamentum flavum
• epidural space
• dura
• arachnoid
• subarachnoid