Neurodevelopment & Congential Malformations Flashcards
What is the embryological derivative of the telencephalon, and what does it consist of?
The telencephalon is embryologically derived from the prosencephalon.
The telencephalon consists of the cerebral hemispheres, the basal nuclei, and the lateral ventricles.
What is the embryological derivative of the diencephalon, and what does it consist of?
The diencephalon is embryologically derived from the proencephalon.
The diencephalon consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus, retina, and the third ventricle.
What is the embryological derivative of the mesencephalon, and what does it consist of?
The mesencephalon is embryologically derived from the mesencephalon.
The mesencephalon consists of the midbrain and the cerebral aqueduct.
What is the embryological derivative of the metencephalon, and what does it consist of?
The metencephalon is embryologically derived from the rhombencephalon.
The metencephalon consists of the pons, cerebellum, and the upper part of the fourth ventricle.
What is the embryological derivative of the myelencephalon, and what does it consist of?
The myelencephalon is embryologically derived from the rhombencephalon.
The myelencephalon consists of the medulla and the lower part of the fourth ventricle.
What is Arnold-Chiari malformation?
Arnold-Chiari malformation is a condition in which the inferior poles of the cerebellar hemispheres and the medulla protrude through the foramen magnum into the spinal canal. It is one of the causes of hydrocephalus and is usually accompanied by spina bifida cystica and meningomyelocele.
What is Dandy-Walker malformation?
Dandy-Walker malformation is a congenital brain malformation characterized by fourth ventricle (posterior fossa) cystic dilation, hydrocephalus, and improper formation of the cerebellar vermis.
Treatment: Treatments sometime include cyst drainage or ventriculoperitoneal shunting.
