Neurocognitive model of language processing

Question 1

How does the syntax-first model proceed? (with steps)

Answer 1

serial processing (of language)

1. phonological information
2. lexical i.
3. syntax i.
4. semantics
   - > only one direction, one after the other

Question 2

How does language proceed if it is seen as a module?

Answer 2

automatic, syntax carving the path for the rest

Question 3

How do interactive models proceed?

Answer 3

can go back and forth, information from all processors always available for each other (interaction)

Question 4

What are the abilities of the constraint-satisfaction models?

Answer 4

compatible with serial and parallel models, taking probability component into account

Question 5

Describe the main idea behind Frederici’s model.

Answer 5

reviewed the literature of all proposed models, saw that language might first be processed serial and at a later stage parallel (combining the two divergent views in one model)

Question 6

In how many phases does Frederici’s model describe the processing?

Answer 6

4 (phase 0 to phase 3)

Question 7

What is meant by the 2-dimensionality in Frederici’s model?

Answer 7

she included the time and neuronal anatomy component in her model

Question 8

Towards Frederici’s model:

What happens in phase 0?

Answer 8

automatic acoustic processing (independent of attention), early ERP, in primary cortex

Question 9

Towards Frederici’s model:

What happens in phase 1?

Answer 9

automatic, syntax first (serial component), as left anterior negativity (ELAN), elicited by problem in word, violation blocks rest of processing (no N400)

Question 10

Towards Frederici’s model:

What happens in phase 2?

Answer 10

LAN (frontal parietal) and N400 (central parietal) elicited by different stimuli, LAN=morphosyntactic violations, N400=violations in semantic processing (shown with higher amplitude than normally)

Question 11

Towards Frederici’s model:

What happens in phase 3?

Answer 11

full interaction, P600 (central parietal) elicited by syntactical difficulty, reanalysis (interacting with semantics)

Question 12

Which messy component does Frederici’s model acknowledge?

Answer 12

prosody, its interaction with syntax (early in time)

Question 13

What does prosody do?

Answer 13

changes scalp distribution of LAN, recruits more resources from right side

Question 14

Which hemisphere is for prosody?

Answer 14

right

Question 15

Where does the first phrasing phase in Frederici’s model take place?

Answer 15

in the superior gyrus

Question 16

Which phases of Frederici’s model are controlled and which ones are automatic?

Answer 16

0&1 = automatic 
2&3 = controlled

Question 17

What is the problem with Frederici’s model?

Answer 17

the ELAN; seen as experimental artifact, not found in later study’s