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Nervous System 2 Flashcards

1
Q

There are ____ pairs of cranial nerves.

A

12

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2
Q

What cranial nerve is responsible for smell?

A

Olfactory nerve

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3
Q

The __________ plate (ethmoid bone) is the foramen for the olfactory nerve.

A

cribriform

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4
Q

What is the abbreviation for the optic nerve?

A

CN II

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5
Q

What part of the brain is associated with the optic nerve?

A

Occipital lobe (cerebrum)

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6
Q

The ____ nerve is responsible for sight/vision.

A

optic

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7
Q

What is the type of nerve is oculomotor nerve?

A

Motor

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8
Q

What is the foramen of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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9
Q

The ________ is located in the midbrain.

A

oculomotor nerve

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10
Q

List the functions of the oculomotor nerve.

A

Eye movement
Open eyelids
Light reflexes

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11
Q

What is the abbreviation for the trochlear nerve?

A

CN IV

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12
Q

The trochlear nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

Motor

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13
Q

What foramen does the trochlear nerve pass through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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14
Q

What part of the brain is the trochlear nerve located in?

A

Midbrain (posterior)

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15
Q

The _______ nerve is responsible for eye movements.

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducent

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16
Q

What type of nerve is the trigeminal nerve?

A

Mixed (motor and sensory)

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17
Q

What is the abbreviation for the trigeminal nerve?

A

CN V

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18
Q

List the foramina of the trigeminal nerve.

A

1st part: superior orbital fissure

2nd part: foramen rotundum

3rd part: foramen ovale

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19
Q

The ____ is the location of the trigeminal nerve in the brain.

A

Pons

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20
Q

What is the motor function of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Muscles of mastication

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21
Q

What is the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Skin over face

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22
Q

What is the abbreviation for the abducent nerve?

A

CN VI

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23
Q

The abducent nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

Motor

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24
Q

What foramen does the abducent nerve pass through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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25
Q

The abducent nerve is located in the brain between the _______ and __________.

A

pons
medulla oblongata

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26
Q

What is the abbreviation for the facial nerve?

A

CN VII

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27
Q

The facial nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

mixed (motor and sensory)

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28
Q

List the foramina of the facial nerve.

A

Internal acoustic meatus
Stylomastoid foramen

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29
Q

The facial nerve is located in the brain between the _____ and __________.

A

pons
medulla oblongata

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30
Q

What are the motor functions of the facial nerve?

A

Facial expression muscles
Secretion of tears and saliva

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31
Q

What are the sensory functions of the facial nerve?

A

Taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

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32
Q

What is the abbreviation for the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

CN VIII

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33
Q

The vestibulocochlear nerve is a ___________ type of nerve.

A

special sensory

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34
Q

What foramen does the vestibulocochlear nerve pass through?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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35
Q

The vestibulocochlear nerve is located in the brain between the _____ and __________.

A

pons
medulla oblongata

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36
Q

What are the functions of the vestibule cochlear nerve?

A

Hearing Balance/equilibrium

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37
Q

What is the abbreviation for the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

CN IX

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38
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

mixed (motor and sensory)

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39
Q

What foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve pass through?

A

Jugular foramen

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40
Q

The ___________ nerve is located in the medulla oblongata.

A

glossopharyngeal

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41
Q

What are the motor functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Salivation of parotid gland
Swallowing and gagging

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42
Q

What are the sensory functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue
Regulation of blood pressure and respiration
Sensations from tongue

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43
Q

What is the abbreviation for the vagus nerve?

A

CN X

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44
Q

The vagus nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

mixed (motor and sensory)

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45
Q

What foramen does the vagus nerve pass through?

A

Jugular foramen

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46
Q

The ____ nerve is located in the medulla oblongata.

A

vagus

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47
Q

What are the motor functions of the vagus nerve?

A

Speech
Gastro-intestinal secretion and motility Bronchoconstriction
Decrease heart rate

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48
Q

What are the sensory functions of the vagus nerve?

A

Taste of epiglottic area
Hunger sensations/fullness
Gastro-intestinal discomfort

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49
Q

What is the abbreviation for the accessory nerve?

A

CN XI

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50
Q

The accessory nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

Motor

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51
Q

List the foramina of the accessory nerve.

A

Foramen magnum
Jugular foramen

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52
Q

The _________ nerve is located in the medulla oblongata.

A

accessory

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53
Q

List the motor functions of the accessory nerve.

A

Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius

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54
Q

What is the abbreviation for the hypoglossal nerve?

A

CN XII

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55
Q

The hypoglossal nerve is a ____ type of nerve.

A

Motor

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56
Q

What foramen does the hypoglossal nerve pass through?

A

Hypoglossal canal

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57
Q

The __________ nerve is located in the medulla oblongata.

A

hypoglossal

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58
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Muscles of the tongue (EXCEPT palatoglossus)

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59
Q

Cervical spinal nerves are formed by the _________ (______) rami of _______ spinal nerves.

A

anterior

ventral

C1-4

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60
Q

Cervical spinal nerves supply the ____, ________ and __________.

A

Skin
Muscles
Bones

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61
Q

Cervical spinal nerves exit the __________ triangle of the neck just behind the _________________ muscle.

A

Posterior
Sternocleidomastoid

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62
Q

Cervical spinal nerves exit the posterior triangle of the neck at about the _________.

A

Halfway point

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63
Q

The _________ nerve is a branch of the cervical spinal nerves and is formed by C1-3.

A

ansa cervicalis

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64
Q

The ________ nerve is a branch of the cervical spinal nerves and is formed by C3-5.

A

phrenic

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65
Q

The ______ ________ nerve is a branch of the cervical spinal nerves and is formed by C2.

A

lesser occipital

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66
Q

The ______ ________ nerve is a branch of the cervical spinal nerves and is formed by C2-3.

A

great auricular

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67
Q

The __________ _________ nerve is a branch of the cervical spinal nerves and is formed by C2-3.

A

transverse cervical

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68
Q

The ______________ nerves are branches of the cervical spinal nerves and are formed by C3-4.

A

supraclavicular

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69
Q

The ansa cervicalis, lesser occipital nerve, great auricular nerve, transverse cervical nerve and supraclavicular nerve are all ____________ nerves

A

Sensory

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70
Q

The phrenic nerve is a ______ nerve.

A

Motor

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71
Q

The ________ nerve is actually a mixed nerve both motor and sensory

A

phrenic

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72
Q

The phrenic nerve runs ______ over the _______________ muscle (superficial to the muscle).

A

Anterior
anterior scalene

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73
Q

Cervical spinal nerves extend _______ to the _____ and _________ to the ___ rib.

A

Upwards
Skull
Downwards
1st

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74
Q

Cervical spinal nerves are __________ with the thoracic part.

A

continuous

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75
Q

Cervical spinal nerves lie ______ the ___________.

A

Behind
carotid sheath

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76
Q

The cervical spinal nerves contain 3 _______.

A

ganglia

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77
Q

List the 3 ganglia contained within the cervical spinal nerves.

A

Superior cervical ganglion

Middle cervical ganglion

Inferior cervical ganglion

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78
Q

______ are the way the brain receives information about the “outside world”.

A

Senses

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79
Q

A ______ is anything from the body or outside that causes a response.

A

Stimulus

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80
Q

A stimulus can cause a response in a ______,________,_________ and _______.

A

Muscle
Nerve
Organ
Gland

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81
Q

________ / ______________ is the conscious awareness of stimuli received.

A

Sensation
Perception

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82
Q

Sensation/perception only occurs in the ______ _______.

A

Cerebral cortex

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83
Q

There are ___ types of senses.

A

Two (2)

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84
Q

List the two types of senses.

A

General senses
Special senses

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85
Q

______ senses are more widely distributed throughout the body.

A

General

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86
Q

List the general senses.

A
  • Temperature
  • Touch
  • Pain
  • Pressure
  • Vibration
  • Itch
  • Proprioception
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87
Q

A ________ is a structure that detects a stimulus.

A

Receptor

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88
Q

Receptors for general senses are mainly located in the _____.

A

Skin

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89
Q

____ is a sensation characterized by unpleasant experiences.

A

Pain

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90
Q

Pain is the most important __________ sensation.

A

Protective

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91
Q

Pain typically leads to an ________ action.

A

evasive

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92
Q

______________ are the receptors for pain.

A

Nociceptors

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93
Q

____ is a type of pain sensation.

A

Itch

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94
Q

Itch and pain share the same type of receptors.

A

True

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95
Q

In ________ pain sensory information comes to the spinal cord from one location

A

Referred

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96
Q

In referred pain sensory fibers join nerve fibers that come from the _____.

A

Skin

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97
Q

In referred pain ____________ now carry two signals.

A

Interneuron

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98
Q

List the two signals that interneurons carry in referred pain.

A

Signal from skin
Signal from organ

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99
Q

In referred pain the CNS interprets the signal as coming from the _____.

A

Skin

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100
Q

An example of referred pain is when the CNS sees pain from _______ as coming from the skin.

A

Organs

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101
Q

List the 5 special senses.

A
  • Smell
  • Taste
  • Sight
  • Hearing
  • Balance
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102
Q

The special senses can be subdivided into what 3 categories?

A
  • Chemical senses
  • Sight
  • Hearing and balance
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103
Q

____ is a general sense and NOT a special sense.

A

Touch

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104
Q

______ / ______ is the ability to form a recognizable image of an object.

A

Vision
sight

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105
Q

The visual system consists of the _________ and 5 ___________ structures.

A

eyeball
accessory

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106
Q

The ______ is the main structure/organ for sight.

A

eyeball

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107
Q

List the 5 accessory structures of the visual system.

A
  • Eyebrows
  • Eyelids
  • Conjunctiva
  • Lacrimal gland
  • Extrinsic eye muscles
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108
Q

Accessory structures _________ and _______ the eyeball.

A

protect
assist

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109
Q

The __________ enhance facial expression and shield eyes from forehead perspiration (sweat).

A

eyebrows

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110
Q

The ________ moisten the eye with tears and remove debris from the surface.

A

eyelids

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111
Q

Eyelids contain a _____ and a fibrous _______ plate.

A
  • muscle
  • tarsal
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112
Q

__________ guard the eyes and are attached to the eyelids.

A

Eyelashes

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113
Q

The ____________ is a transparent mucous membrane.

A

conjunctiva

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114
Q

The conjunctiva covers the ______ surface of the eyelid (palpebral part) and the _________ surface of the eyeball (bulbar part) - EXCEPT at the _______.

A

inner
anterior
cornea

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115
Q

The conjunctiva secretes a ______ film that prevents the eyeball from drying.

A

mucous

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116
Q

The ________ _______ (and ducts) consists of a tear gland and ducts.

A

lacrimal gland

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117
Q

Tears from the lacrimal gland drain into the _____ cavity.

A

nasal

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118
Q

Ducts from the lacrimal gland drain on the surface of the ______________.

A

conjunctiva

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119
Q

Tears wash the eye and drain into the ________ sac.

A

lacrimal

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120
Q

The lacrimal sac drains into the ______________ duct.

A

nasolacrimal

121
Q

The ____________ eye muscles are 6 muscles that attach to the eyeball.

A

extra-ocular

122
Q

The function of the extra-ocular eye muscles is to _____ the eye.

A

move

123
Q

The eyeball consists of __ layers (walls)

A

_______ components

124
Q

List the 3 layers of the eyeball.

A

Outer fibrous layer - sclera and cornea Middle vascular layer - choroid ciliary body and iris
Inner layer - retina

125
Q

The fibrous (outer) layer of the eye consists of the _______ located anteriorly and the _______ located posteriorly.

A
  • cornea
  • sclera
126
Q

The cornea and sclera are __________ with each other.

A

continuous

127
Q

The ______ covers the anterior part of the eyeball.

A

cornea

128
Q

The cornea is a ____________ layer that allows _____ to enter the eyeball.

A
  • transparent
  • light
129
Q

The ______ covers the posterior and lateral parts of the eyeball.

A

sclera

130
Q

The sclera is an ______ layer of ___________ tissue and is known as the “______ of the eye”.

A
  • opaque
  • connective
  • white
131
Q

The ______ provides attachment for extra-ocular eye muscles.

A

sclera

132
Q

List the 3 components of the vascular (middle) layer of the eye.

A
  • Iris
  • Ciliary body
  • Choroid
133
Q

The ____ is the anterior part of the vascular layer of the eye.

A

iris

134
Q

The iris is a ________ structure and is the _________ part of the eye.

A
  • circular
  • colored
135
Q

The iris contains __ smooth muscles: the ________________ and the _________________.

A
  • 2
  • sphincter pupillae
  • dilator pupillae
136
Q

The ____ is the opening in the iris.

A

pupil

137
Q

The ______ _____ is the middle part of the vascular layer of the eye.

A

ciliary body

138
Q

The ciliary body forms a ________ ring around the eyeball.

A

complete

139
Q

The ciliary body consists of the _________ muscle

A

___________

140
Q

The ________ is the most posterior part of the vascular layer of the eye.

A

choroid

141
Q

The choroid is a ____

A

_____________

142
Q

The ________ is the source of blood vessels in the eyeball.

A

choroid

143
Q

List the 4 optical components of the eye.

A
  • Cornea
  • Aqueous humor
  • Lens
  • Vitreous body (chamber)
144
Q

The ______ ______ is the fluid located in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.

A

aqueous humor

145
Q

Aqueous humor is secreted by the ________ ___________ into the posterior chamber.

A

ciliary processes

146
Q

Aqueous humor flows through the ______ (opening in iris) into the anterior chamber.

A

pupil

147
Q

The ____ is a transparent biconvex elastic disc.

A

lens

148
Q

The lens is suspended behind the _____ by a ___________ ligament.

A

pupil
suspensory

149
Q

The suspensory ligament that holds the lens is attached to the ______ _____.

A

ciliary body

150
Q

The ________ _____ is also called the vitreous humor.

A

vitreous body

151
Q

The vitreous body is a ____________ jelly that fills the vitreous chamber. *

A

transparent

152
Q

The function of the vitreous body is to maintain the __________ shape of the eyeball.

A
153
Q

The vitreous body cannot be __________.

A
154
Q

The anterior chamber of the eyeball is located between the __________ and the iris and pupil.

A

cornea

155
Q

The posterior chamber of the eyeball is located between the __________ and the __________.

A

iris
lens

156
Q

The neural components of the eye consist of the __________ and the __________ __________.

A

Retina
Optic nerve

157
Q

The __________ is a thin transparent membrane that contains photoreceptor cells.

A
158
Q

Photoreceptor cells turn __________ into nerve signals.

A

light

159
Q

The __________ __________ is the location where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball.

A

optic disc

160
Q

The optic disc is a natural __________ __________.

A

blind spot

161
Q

The __________ __________ and the __________ __________ have the highest visual sensitivity.

A
162
Q

macula lutea

A

fovea centralis

163
Q

The macula lutea and the fovea centralis are located __________ to the optic disc.

A

lateral

164
Q

The main organ involved in sight is the __________.

A

eyeball

165
Q

Conversion to a nerve signal for sight occurs when __________ cells in the retina synapse with primary neurons.

A

photoreceptor

166
Q

The cranial nerve involved in sight is the __________ __________.

A

optic nerve (CN I)

167
Q

The termination point in the brain for sight is the __________ __________ in the __________ lobe of the cerebral cortex. visual areas

A

occipital

168
Q

The primary __________ area is one of the visual areas in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.

A

visual

169
Q

Hearing and balance involve the interaction of __________ stimuli with sensory receptors.

A

mechanical

170
Q

For hearing and balance, __________ is changed into nerve signals.

A

movement

171
Q

Hearing is the response to vibrating __________ molecules.

A

air

172
Q

Vibrating air molecules are also called __________ __________.

A

sound waves

173
Q

Equilibrium is the sense of __________ and __________ motion

A

balance

174
Q

Equilibrium is the response to __________ and __________.

A

motion

gravity

175
Q

The organ of hearing and balance is the __________.

A

ear

176
Q

The ear is divided into three parts: the __________ ear, the __________ ear, and the __________ ear.

A

external
middle
inner

177
Q

The external ear’s function is __________.

A

hearing

178
Q

The middle ear’s function is __________.

A

hearing

179
Q

The internal ear’s functions are __________ and __________.

A

hearing
balance

180
Q

The two parts of the external ear are the __________ and the __________ __________ __________.

A

auricle external auditory meatus (EAM)

181
Q

The auricle is also known as the “__________ __________.”

A

ear lobes

182
Q

The specific shape of the auricle collects __________ __________.

A

air vibrations

183
Q

The auricle consists of a thin plate of __________ __________ and __________.

A

elastic
cartilage
skin

184
Q

The auricle contains __________ and __________ muscles.

A

extrinsic
intrinsic

185
Q

The external auditory meatus is a __________cm curved tube.

A

2.5

186
Q

The external auditory meatus extends from the __________ to the __________ __________.

A

auricle
tympanic membrane

187
Q

The external auditory meatus conducts __________ __________ to the tympanic membrane

A

sound waves

188
Q

Glands in the external auditory meatus secrete __________.

A

cerumen

189
Q

Cerumen is also known as __________.

A

earwax

190
Q

The type of gland that secretes cerumen is a __________ __________

A

ceruminous gland

191
Q

The outer ⅓ of the external auditory meatus has an __________ __________ framework.

A

elastic cartilage

192
Q

The inner ⅔ of the external auditory meatus has a __________ framework.

A

bone

193
Q

The __________ __________ is a circular membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear.

A

tympanic membrane

194
Q

The tympanic membrane is __________cm in diameter.

A

1

195
Q

The tympanic membrane is concave __________ laterally

A
196
Q

The __________ attaches to the inner surface of the tympanic membrane

A

malleus

197
Q

The malleus is an __________ __________.

A

ear bone

198
Q

The tympanic membrane is extremely sensitive to __________.

A

pain

199
Q

The tympanic membrane is supplied by __________ cranial nerves.

A

3

200
Q

The external part of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the __________ nerve and the __________ nerve.

A

trigeminal
vagus

201
Q

The internal part of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the __________ nerve.

A

glossopharyngeal

202
Q

The middle ear is also known as the __________ __________.

A

tympanic cavity

203
Q

The middle ear transmits __________ from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear.

A

vibrations

204
Q

Vibrations are transmitted through the middle ear via __________ __________ __________.

A

3 auditory ossicles

205
Q

Auditory ossicles are __________ in the ear.

A

Bones

206
Q

The __________ is connected to the tympanic membrane.

A

malleus

207
Q

The three auditory ossicles are the malleus, the __________, and the __________.

A

stapes incus

208
Q

The __________ is connected to the oval window of the inner ear.

A

stapes

209
Q

The middle ear communicates anteriorly with the __________.

A

nasopharynx

210
Q

Communication between the middle ear and the nasopharynx happens through the __________ __________.

A

auditory tube

211
Q

The middle ear communicates posteriorly with the __________ __________.

A

mastoid antrum

212
Q

The middle ear contains __________ muscles.

A

Two (2)

213
Q

The two muscles in the middle ear are the __________ m. and the __________ __________ m.

A

stapedius

tensor tympani

214
Q

The stapedius muscle attaches to the __________.

A

stapes

215
Q

The tensor tympani muscle attaches to the __________ malleus

A
216
Q

The auditory tube can also be called the __________ tube or the __________ tube.

A

Eustachian
pharyngotympanic

217
Q

The internal ear is situated in the __________ bone of the skull

A

temporal

218
Q

The internal ear is __________ to the middle ear.

A

medial

219
Q

The internal ear consists of __________ main parts.

A

Two (2)

220
Q

The two main parts of the internal ear are the __________ labyrinth and the __________ labyrinth.

A

bony
membranous

221
Q

The bony labyrinth is a maze of __________ __________ in the temporal bone.

A

bony chambers

222
Q

The fluid that fills the bony labyrinth is called __________.

A

perilymph

223
Q

The __________ labyrinth is contained within the bony labyrinth.

A

membranous

224
Q

The membranous labyrinth is made up of __________ __________

A

fleshy tubes

225
Q

The fluid that fills the membranous labyrinth is called __________.

A

endolymph

226
Q

The __________ __________ floats in the bony labyrinth.

A

membranous labyrinth

227
Q

The three main parts of the inner ear are the __________, the __________, and the __________.

A

vestibule
Cochlea

228
Q

The cochlea is the __________ part of the inner ear.

A

coiled

229
Q

The cochlea contains __________ __________.

A

cochlear ducts

230
Q

The cochlea is connected to the middle ear via the __________ __________.

A

round window

231
Q

The __________ is responsible for hearing.

A

cochlea

232
Q

The cochlea contains special __________ __________ that turn fluid movement into nerve signals.

A

hair cells

233
Q

The __________ is the middle part of the inner ear

A

vestibule

234
Q

The vestibule is connected to the middle ear via the __________ __________

A

oval window

235
Q

The __________ is responsible for balance.

A

vestibule

236
Q

The vestibule contains special __________ __________ that turn fluid movement into nerve signals.

A

hair cells

237
Q

There are __________ semi-circular canals.

A

Three (3)

238
Q

The semi-circular canals are connected to the __________ by dilated parts.

A

vestibule

239
Q

The semi-circular canals are responsible for __________.

A

equilibrium

240
Q

The semi-circular canals contain special __________ __________ that turn fluid movement into nerve signals.

A

hair cells

241
Q

The main organ involved in hearing is the __________ ear, specifically the __________ and the __________ __________.

A
242
Q

Conversion to a nerve signal for hearing happens in the __________ of __________, where hair cells convert movement to nerve signals.

A

organ
Corti

243
Q

The cranial nerve involved in hearing is the __________ part of the __________ nerve.

A

Cochlear

vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

244
Q

cochlear

A
245
Q

The termination point in the brain for hearing is the __________ areas in the __________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

A

auditory
Temporal

246
Q

The main organ involved in balance is the __________ ear, specifically the __________ and the __________ and __________. *

A

internal
vestibule

247
Q

The chemical senses include __________ and __________.

A

taste
smell

248
Q

The chemical senses are __________ related.

A

closely

249
Q

The chemical senses are initiated by an interaction of __________ with sensory receptors chemicals

A
250
Q

The chemical senses trigger __________ __________ in cranial nerves.

A

nerve signals

251
Q

The main organ for taste is the __________.

A

tongue

252
Q

__________ __________ are located on the tongue, cheeks, soft palate, pharynx, and epiglottis

A

Taste buds

253
Q

Taste buds are mainly located on the __________.

A

tongue

254
Q

Taste buds are arranged in __________ __________.

A

lingual papillae

255
Q

Lingual papillae are visible __________ on the tongue.

A

spikes

256
Q

There are __________ types of papillae

A

Four (4)

257
Q

__________ __________ receptor cells convert taste into nerve signals.

A

Taste bud

258
Q

The most abundant papillae are the __________ papillae.

A

filiform

259
Q

Filiform papillae are __________.

A

small

260
Q

Filiform papillae have no __________ function.

A

taste

261
Q

The function of filiform papillae is to detect the __________ of food.

A

texture

262
Q

__________ papillae are weakly developed in humans.

A

Foliate

263
Q

Foliate papillae are __________ __________ on the sides of the tongue.

A

parallel ridges

264
Q

Foliate papillae contain some taste buds, but they __________.

A

degenerate

265
Q

Each __________ papilla contains 3 taste buds.

A

fungiform

266
Q

Fungiform papillae respond to the __________ of food texture

A
267
Q

__________ papillae are large papillae.

A

Fungiform

268
Q

Fungiform papillae contain __________% of all the taste buds.

A

Fifty (50)

269
Q

Fungiform papillae are prominent in the __________ __________.

A

sulcus terminalis

270
Q

The 5 main taste sensations are __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________. sweet

A

salty

271
Q

Umami is a __________ taste.

A

meaty

272
Q

All taste sensations are detected on the __________ tongue.

A

whole

273
Q

The flavors we perceive are influenced by a mixture of __________ __________, food texture, aroma, food temperature, appearance, state of mind, and smell.

A

taste
sensations

274
Q

The main organ involved in taste is the __________ with its __________ __________.

A

Tongue

taste buds

275
Q

__________ __________ in taste buds convert taste into nerve signals.

A

Receptor cells

276
Q

The cranial nerves involved in taste are the __________ nerve, the __________ nerve, and the __________ nerve.

A

facial (CN VII)
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

277
Q

The facial nerve carries taste sensations from the __________ two-thirds of the tongue.

A

anterior

278
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve carries taste sensations from the __________ third of the tongue

A

posterior

279
Q

The vagus nerve carries taste sensations from the area near the __________.

A

epiglottis

280
Q

The termination point in the brain for taste is the __________ areas in the __________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

A

gustatory
temporal

281
Q

Smell is also known as __________.

A

olfaction

282
Q

Airborne molecules, also known as __________, enter the nasal cavity.

A

odours

283
Q

Odors interact with __________ __________ in the olfactory epithelium

A

receptor cells

284
Q

The olfactory epithelium is also known as the olfactory __________.

A

mucosa

285
Q

The olfactory epithelium is located in the __________ of the nasal cavity.

A

roof

286
Q

Specifically, the olfactory epithelium is located on the __________ __________ and the __________ __________

A

superior concha
nasal septum

287
Q

Smell is a highly __________ sense.

A

sensitive

288
Q

The olfactory mucosa contains __________ __________ cells.

A

olfactory nerve

289
Q

Olfactory nerve cells are __________.

A

neurons

290
Q

Neurons pass through the __________ __________ of the ethmoid bone.

A

cribriform plate

291
Q

Once inside the cranial cavity, olfactory nerve cells form the __________ __________.

A

olfactory nerve

292
Q

The main organ involved in smell is the __________ with its __________ __________.

A

nose
nasal cavity

293
Q

__________ __________ in the olfactory epithelium convert smells into nerve signals.

A

Receptor cells

294
Q

The cranial nerve involved in smell is the __________ __________.

A

olfactory nerve (CN I)

295
Q

The termination point in the brain for smell is the __________ areas in the __________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

A

olfactory
temporal

296
Q

Touch is a __________ sense and NOT a special sense.

A

general

297
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies other structures other than the head and neck

A

Vagus nerve

298
Q

How far does the vagus nerve extend

A

It extends all the way down into the abdominal cavity

A (8 decks)

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