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Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

The __ is a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body.

A

Nervous System

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2
Q

It is considered as the body’s storage center of information and also the body’s control system.

A

Nervous System

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3
Q

What is the nervous system also known as?

A

“Body’s Storage Center of Information” or “Body’s Control System”

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4
Q

It is mainly responsible for controlling and coordinating all the organ systems by sending messages from the brain through nerve signals. It makes sure that all the parts of the body are working together efficiently.

A

Nervous System

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5
Q

It serves as the main PROCESSING CENTER of the nervous system.

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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6
Q

What are the 2 components of the CNS?

A
  1. Brain,
  2. Spinal Cord
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7
Q

It is an organ located within the skull that functions as organizer and distributor of information for the body.

A

Brain

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8
Q

What are the 3 parts of the brain?

A
  1. Cerebrum,
  2. Cerebellum,
  3. Brain Stem
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9
Q

What are the 3 functions of the CNS?

A
  1. Taking sensory information,
  2. Processing information,
  3. Sending motor signals
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10
Q

Which side of the brain is responsible for logic, analysis, reasoning, critical thinking, etc.?

A

Left side of the brain

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11
Q

Which side of the brain is responsible for creativity, artistry, emotions, imagination, musical sense, etc.?

A

Right side of the brain

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12
Q

It is the large, upper part of the brain that controls
activity and thought.

A

Cerebrum

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13
Q

More than 50% of our brain consists of the ___.

A

Cerebrum

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14
Q

It is the part under the cerebrum that
controls posture, balance, and coordination.

A

Cerebellum

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15
Q

It is the smallest part of our brain, but almost 50% or (more than) half of all neurons are located here.

A

Cerebellum

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16
Q

It connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic functions such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.

A

Brain Stem

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17
Q

It is the largest part of the brain.

A

Cerebrum

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18
Q

It serves as a CHANNEL for signals between the brain and the MAJORITY of the body parts,

A

Spinal Cord

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19
Q

What are the 2 functions of the spinal cord?

A
  1. Send motor commands from brain to body
  2. Send sensory information from body to brain
  3. (coordinate reflexes)
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20
Q

It connects the central nervous system to the organs and limbs.

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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21
Q

Sends information TO BRAIN, and then carrying out commands from brain.

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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22
Q

What are the 2 main divisions of PNS?

A
  1. Somatic Nervous System
  2. Autonomic Nervous System
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23
Q

It is associated with the voluntary control of body movements

A

Somatic Nervous System

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24
Q

It is responsible for/allows to control ALL OF OUR MUSCLES

A

Somatic Nervous System

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25
Q

What are the 2 main parts of the Somatic Nervous System?

A
  1. Spinal Nerves
  2. Cranial Nerves
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26
Q

They carry motor and sensory signals between the spinal cord and the body.

A

Spinal Nerves

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27
Q

They are nerve fibers that carry information into and out
of the brain stem.

A

Cranial Nerves

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28
Q

It is associated with the involuntary control of body movements.

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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29
Q

They are responsible for allowing us to see.

A

Spinal Nerves

30
Q

They are responsible for BLINKING and moving our TONGUE.

A

Cranial Nerves

31
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are attached to the back of our brain?

A

12 Pairs

32
Q

This division of the PNS is responsible for HEART RATE, blood pressure, respiration, breathing, sexual arousal, digestion, etc.

A

Autonomic Nervous System

33
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A
  1. Sympathetic Nervous System
  2. Parasympathetic Nervous System
34
Q

It is activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress. (e.g., increased heart rate and breathing, dilation of pupil, sweating)

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

35
Q

It maintains body functions and restores the body to normal or relaxed mode.

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

36
Q

It is the basic unit of the nervous system.

A

Nerve Cell

37
Q

Nerve cell is also called ___.

A

Neuron

38
Q

A neuron has a ___ containing the nucleus.

A

Cell Body

39
Q

They carry impulses toward the cell body

A

Dendrites

40
Q

They carry impulses away from the cell body.

A

Axons

41
Q

The gap between neurons is called ___.

A

Synapse

42
Q

It is maintained in the body by regulating the body temperature, blood pressure, pH, and glucose concentration.

A

Homeostasis

43
Q

It is the state reached when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts. This is attained through the regulation of the bodily functions by the endocrine and nervous systems.

A

Homeostasis

44
Q

___ are used by MOST OF body systems to maintain homeostasis.

A

Feedback mechanisms

45
Q

The ___ affects the pituitary gland, also known as the master gland, to secrete the right hormones.

A

Hypothalamus

46
Q

___ of hormones are received by ___ of cells making this event a ___ coordination.

A

Molecules of hormones,
Receptors of cells,

Neuroendocrine coordination

47
Q

The ___ that are found all over the body allows the nervous system to MONITOR homeostasis of the body.

A

Nerves

48
Q

The levels of hormones in the body are CONTROLLED BY ___. It is important that the amount of hormones in our body is kept at the right level.

A

FEEDBACK

49
Q

To achieve homeostasis, the nervous and endocrine
systems work with each other to maintain a normal range of many processes and substances in the body such as:

A
  • Temperature of the body
  • Amount of water in the body
  • Amount of metabolic waste in the cell
  • Blood calcium level
50
Q

(11) have the special ability to carry signals or (12). A nerve impulse is an electrochemical signal moving along an active neuron. A (13) is any factor in the environment that influences behavior. A (14) is a reaction to a condition or stimulus. To survive, an (15) must be able to respond to a stimulus.

A
  1. Neurons
  2. Impulses
  3. Stimulus
  4. Response
  5. Organism
51
Q

The (16) system is the major control system to maintain
_____(17)______. It provides monitoring, response, and (18) of all
systems in the human body and other organisms. It functions from the tiny level of individual cells to affecting the whole body.

A
  1. Nervous
  2. Homeostasis
  3. Regulation
52
Q

Constantly monitoring conditions and watching for changes are done by the (19) inside and outside of the body. When a body system leaves a set point and falls outside its (20) range, signals are sent through the nervous system which trigger (21) to bring the system back into the normal range of functioning. This process maintains homeostasis.

A
  1. Receptors
  2. Normal
  3. Responses
53
Q

For example, thermoreceptors and mechanoreceptors in the skin sense changes in (22) and pressure, respectively. Then, signals sent from them to the (23) make it possible to detect
situations that could cause injury or death. Furthermore, nerves make muscles contract which moves the (24) of the skeleton, making it possible to evade predators. This ability to perceive the environment and reacting to it is critical to maintain homeostasis in the (25).

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Brain
  3. Bones
  4. Body
54
Q

It makes sure that all the parts of the body are working together efficiently.

A

Nervous System

55
Q

In the cell body (of a neuron) there are root-like
structures called the ___ and ___.

A

DENDRITES and AXONS

56
Q

There are ___ of neurons in the body.

A

BILLIONS of neurons

57
Q

Homeostasis is maintained in the body by regulating the body temperature, blood pressure, ___, and ___ concentration.

A

pH,

and GLUCOSE concentration

58
Q

The hormones will flow with the ___ and reach the specific organs to restore the normal state of the body or homeostasis.

A

Flow with the BLOOD

59
Q

A nerve impulse is an ___ signal moving along an ___ neuron.

A

ELECTROCHEMICAL signal…

moving along an ACTIVE neuron.

60
Q

It refers to an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.

A

Reflex

61
Q
  1. When your hand touches a hot object, what is the automatic response to such
    stimulus?
    A. Call for help.
    B. Pour out water into the hot object.
    C. Let your hand remain touching the hot object.
    D. Withdraw your hand.
A

D. Withdraw your hand.

62
Q
  1. What will happen if one part of the nervous system fails to function properly?
    A. The body can produce more neurons.
    B. The body cannot perform well
    C. The body will carry out its normal activities
    D. The muscles can be used to move freely
A

B. The body cannot perform well

63
Q
  1. The following are concepts on nervous system, which of them is correctly paired?
    A. brain: cerebrum and nerves
    B. CNS: brain and spinal cord
    C. nerves: axon and dendrites
    D. PNS: cerebrum and spinal nerves
A

B. CNS: brain and spinal cord

64
Q

What are nerve signals?
A. flashing red lights
B. large flashing green lights
C. electrical impulses
D. type of hormones

A

C. electrical impulses

65
Q

Which part of the brain helps keep your balance so you don’t just fall or stumble while walking?

A

Cerebellum

66
Q
  1. Instructions from the brain to the target organs is carried by _________.
    A. receptors C. sense organs
    B. nerves D. hormones
A

B. nerves

67
Q
  1. Which nervous system controls the internal organs?
    A. autonomic C. peripheral
    B. central D. somatic
A

A. autonomic

68
Q
  1. Which of the following is TRUE about synapse?
    I. A connection between a neuron and another neuron
    II. The site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between neurons
    III. An automatic response to a stimulus
    IV. It is considered the control system of the body

A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I, II, and III
D. I, II, III, and IV

A

B. I and II only

69
Q

You felt hungry because you haven’t eaten your food for lunch trying to finish home works. Which of the following is the best response to the given stimulus?
A. Continue work.
B. Eat.
C. Ignore the situation.
D. Shout out loud.

A

B. Eat.

70
Q

What are the 4 main automatic functions that the brain stem controls?

A
  1. Breathing
  2. Digestion
  3. Heart Rate
  4. Blood Pressure

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