Nervous And Endocrine System Flashcards
Nervous system
consists of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
Central Nervous system
Consists of the brain and the spinal cord and is the origin of all complex commands and decisions
What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
- Somatic nervous system
Peripheral Nervous system
Sends information to the CNS from the outside world, snd transmits messages from the CNS to muscles and glands in the body
What are the the two parts to the Autonomic Nervous System
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Parasympathetic nervous system
Autonomic Nervous System
Transmits information to and from internal bodily organs. It is ‘autonomic’ as the system operates involuntary
Endocrine system
One of the body’s major information systems that instructs glands to release hormones effectively
Gland
an organ in the body that synthesises substances such as hormones
Hormone
A biochemical substance that circulates in the blood but only affects target organs. They are produced in large quantities but disappear quickly
Fight or flight response
The way the animal responds when stressed. The body becomes physiologically aroused in readiness to fight an aggressor or inn some cases flee
Adrenaline
A hormone produced by the adrenal glands which is part of the body’s immediate stress response system. Stimulates heart rate, contracting blood vessels and dilating air passages
What are the biological changes during the sympathetic response
- Increases HR
- Increases breathing rate
- Dilates pupils
- Inhibits digestion
- Inhibits saliva production
- Contracts rectum
What are the biological changes during the parasympathetic response
- Decreases HR
- Decreases breathing rate
- Constricts pupils
- Stimulates digestion
- Stimulates saliva production
- Relaxes rectum
