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Review For Board Exam > Mycology and Virology Pre-Test > Flashcards

Mycology and Virology Pre-Test Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are examples of appropriate specimens for the recovery of fungi except:

a. Tissue biopsy
b. CSF
c. Aspirate of exudate
d. Swab

A

Swab

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2
Q

For which clinical specimens is the KOH direct mount technique for examination of fungal elements used?

a. Skin
b. CSF
c. Blood
d. Bone marrow

A

Skin

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3
Q

Blastoconidia are the beginning of which structures?

a. Arthroconidia
b. Germ tubes
c. Pseudohyphae
d. True hyphae

A

Pseudohyphae

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4
Q

The India ink stain is used as a presumptive test for the presence of which organism?

a. Aspergillus niger in blood

b. Cryptococcus neoformans in CSF

c. Histoplasma capsulatum in CSF

d. Candida albicans in blood/body fluids

A

Cryptococcus neoformans in CSF

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5
Q

Which of the following yeast enzymes is detected using birdseed (niger seed) agar?

a. Phenol oxidase
b. Catalase
c. Urease
d. Nitrate reductase

A

Phenol oxidase

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6
Q

Dimorphic fungi are found in the infected tissue in which form?

a. Mold phase
b. Yeast phase
c. Encapsulated
d. Latent

A

Yeast phase

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7
Q

The mycelial form of which dimorphic mold produces thick-walled, rectangular, or barrel-shaped alternate arthroconidia?

a. Coccidioides immitis
b. Sporothrix schenckii
c. Histoplasma capsulatum
d. Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

Coccidioides immitis

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8
Q

The yeast form of which dimorphic fungus appears as oval or elongated cigar shaped, some with multiple buds?

a. Coccidioides immitis
b. Sporothrix schenckii
c. Histoplasma capsulatum
d. Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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9
Q

The yeast form of which dimorphic mold shows a large parent yeast cell surrounded by smaller budding yeast cells

a. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
b. Sporothrix schenckii
c. Coccidioides immitis
d. Histoplasma capsulatum

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

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10
Q

Tinea versicolor is a skin infection caused by:

a. Malassezia furfur
b. Trichophyton rubrum
c. Trichophyton schoenleinii
d. Microsporum gypseum

A

Malassezia furfur

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11
Q

Which Trichophyton sp. causes the favus type of tinea capitis seen in Scandinavian countries and in the Appalachian region of the United States?

a. T. verrucosum
b. T. violaceum
c. T. tonsurans
d. T. schoenleinii

A

T. schoenleinii

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12
Q

The hair baiting test is used to differentiate which two species of Trichophyton that produce red colonies on Sabouraud’s agar plates?

a. T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum

b. T. tonsurans and T. schoenleinii

c. T. tonsurans and T. violaceum

d. T. verrucosum and T. rubrum

A

T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum

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13
Q

Which virus is the most common etiological agent of viral respiratory diseases in infants and children?

a. Respiratory syncytial virus
b. Measles virus
c. Coxsackie A virus
d. Coxsackie B virus

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

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14
Q

Which virus belonging to the Reoviridae group causes gastroeneteritis in infants and young children but asymtomatic infection in adults?

a. Coxsackie B virus
b. Rotavirus
c. Respiratory syncytial virus
d. Rhabdovirus

A

Rotavirus

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15
Q

A very small, single-stranded DNA virus that causes a febrile illness with a rash and is called the fifth childhood disease after rubeola, rubella, varicella and roseola is:

a. Rotavirus
b. Adenovirus type 40
c. Coxsackie A virus
d. Parvovirus B19

A

Parvovirus B19

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16
Q

Which technique is most widely used for the confirmation of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

a. Western blot assay
b. ELISA
c. Complement fixation
d. Polymerase chain reaction

A

Western blot assay

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17
Q

The Epstein-Barr virus is associated with which of the following?

a. Chickenpox
b. Hodgkin’s lymphoma
c. Burkitt’s lymphoma
d. Smallpox

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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18
Q

Which of the following structures is invaded by the genus Trichophyton?

a. Hair
b. Nails
c. Skin
d. All of these options

A

All of these options

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19
Q

Which Microsporum species causes an epidemic form of tinea capitis in children?

a. Microsporum canis
b. Microsporum audouinii
c. Microsporum gypseum
d. All of these options

A

Microsporum audouinii

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20
Q

The Hair Baiting Test is used to differentiate which two species of Trichophyton that produce red colonies on Sabouraud agar plates?

a. T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum

b. T. tonsurans and T. schoenleinii

c. T. tonsurans and T. violaceum

d. T. verrucosum and T. rubrum

A

T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum

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21
Q

A mold that produces colonies with a dark brown, green-black, or black appearance of both the

a. Dematiaceous mold
b. Dermatophyte
c. Hyaline mold
d. Dimorphic fungus

A

Dematiaceous mold

22
Q

Which Aspergillus species, recovered from sputum
or bronchial mucus, is the most common cause of
pulmonary aspergillosis?

a. A. niger
b. A. flavus
c. A. fumigatus
d. All of these options

A

A. fumigatus

23
Q

What is the most common cause of mucormycosis infection in humans?

a. Penicillium spp.
b. Candida albicans
c. Scopulariopsis spp.
d. Rhizopus spp.

A

Rhizopus spp.

24
Q

Classification of viruses is made by:

a. Complement fixation serology
b. Electron microscopy
c. Nucleic acid composition
d. Cellular inclusion bodies

A

Nucleic acid composition

25
Q

The most common viral syndrome of pericarditis, myocarditis, and pleurodynia (pain upon breathing) is caused by:

a. Herpes simplex virus
b. Respiratory syncytial virus
c. Epstein–Barr virus
d. Coxsackie B virus

A

Coxsackie B virus

26
Q

The most common causes of viral pneumonia in
adults are:

a. Influenza and adenovirus
b. Hepatitis A and B viruses
c. Coxsackie A and B viruses
d. Herpes simplex and CMV

A

Influenza and adenovirus

27
Q

What kind of material is used for nasopharyngeal swab?

a. Flocked cotton
b. Flocked gauze and cotton
c. Flocked nylon
d. Flocked gauze

A

Flocked nylon

28
Q

If delay in viral samples testing occurs, in what dilution should the specimen be kept?

a. 1:1
b. 1:3
c. 1:7
d. 1:10

A

1:3

29
Q

A toxin associated with Aspergillus

a. Aflatoxin
b. Botulinum toxin
c. Anaphylatoxin
d. Neurotoxin

A

Aflatoxin

30
Q

Unique biochemical characteristic of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae that differentiates it from other non-spore forming, non-branching, catalase negative bacilli.

a. H2S (+)
b. Urease (+)
c. Catalase (-)
d. Nonmotile

A

H2S (+)

31
Q

Blastoconidia are the beginning of which structures?

a. Pseudohyphae
b. Germ Tube
c. Microconidia
d. Arthroconidia

A

Pseudohyphae

32
Q

First step to be performed in the identification of an unknown yeast isolate?

a. Nigrosin stain
b. CMTW80 agar
c. Germ tube test
d. CHO Assimilation test

A

Germ tube test

33
Q

Actinomyces israelli causes?

a. Lumpy jaw
b. Grumpy jaw
c. Lock jaw
d. Jock itch

A

Lumpy jaw

Notes:
Jock itch aka Tinea Cruris is caused by Trichophyton

34
Q

Herpes virus is transmitted through

a. contact
b. aerosol
c. stool
d. blood

A

contact

35
Q

An appropriate specimen

a. Folley catheter tip for aerobic culture

b. Rectal swab for gonorrhea

c. Swab specimen for dermatophytes

d. Urine for afb culture

A

Urine for afb culture

36
Q

What is the best protection to be used for serious infections transmitted by aerosol droplet?

a. Well fit mask and googles
b. Gown and Gloves
c. N95
d. Adequate handwashing

A

N95

37
Q

An outbreak of hepatitis A infection occurred after a meal in a certain restaurant. What is the most probable reason for this outbreak?

a. Food handler not washing hands after having a CR break

b. Improper storage of food ingredients

c. Failure to practice handwashing of the customers

d. Not observing proper etiquettes when sneezing

A

Food handler not washing hands after having a CR break

38
Q

Method used to investigate and identify the organism responsible for a particular food-poisoning outbreak.

a. Culture
b. Staining
c. Disk diffusion technique
d. Phage typing

A

Phage typing

Note:
Phage typing involves creating a ‘lawn’ of an unknown strain of a particular bacterial species (such as S. aureus) then introducing known types of phages to different areas of the lawn, to see which combination of phages the bacteria are vulnerable to.

39
Q

An organism capable for growth in a cold environment

a. Mesophile
b. Thermophile
c. Hyperthermophile
d. Psychrophile

A

Psychrophile

Notes:
-Mesophile- Organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, with an optimum growth range from 20 to 45 °C (68 to 113 °F).

-Thermophile- A type of extremophile that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between 41 and 122 °C (106 and 252 °F).

-Hyperthermophile- Organism that thrives in extremely hot environments—from 60 °C (140 °F) upwards.

40
Q

Why is a second dengue infection worse than the first?

a. Infection with other serotypes
b. Infection with related viruses
c. Inadequate treatment
d. Inadequate immune response

A

Infection with other serotypes

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT used to describe the colony morphology of fungal cultures?

a. Verrucose
b. Rugose
c. Umbonate
d. Glaborous

A

Glaborous

42
Q

Which disease listed is NOT an STD?

a. Chancroid
b. Hand-foot-mouth disease
c. Urethritis
d. Ectoparasitic latum

A

Hand-foot-mouth disease

43
Q

Which fungal infection attacks macrophages in the lung and causes bloody sputum in 5 percent of cases?

a. Blastomycosis
b. Nocardiosis
c. Histoplasmosis
d. Cryptococcosis

A

Cryptococcosis

44
Q

Hepatitis B virus can be transmitted by:

a. Acupuncture
b. Tattoos
c. Sexual contact
d. All of these options

A

All of these options

45
Q

Within ____ of collection, specimens must be transported already to the
laboratory.

a. 3 minutes
b. 2 hours
c. A day
d. 2 days

A

2 hours

46
Q

The specimen was received in a fixative (formalin).

a. Accept
b. Incubate
c. Reject
d. Freeze

A

Reject

47
Q

Clear halos against a dark background

a. India Ink Positive Result

b. Positive for Cryptococcus neoformans

c. Both statements are true

d. Both statements are false

A

Both statements are true

48
Q

Grows on SDA with oil

a. M. furfur
b. P. hortae
c. T. beigelii
d. H. werneckii

A

M. furfur

49
Q

The genome and its protective protein coat.

a. Nucleocapsid
b. Capsule
c. Virion
d. Envelope

A

Nucleocapsid

50
Q

Viral Replication Steps in order

a. Adsorption, Uncoating, Penetration, Release, Assembly, Synthesis

b. Adsorption, Penetration, Uncoating, Release, Synthesis, Assembly

c. Adsorption, Penetration, Release, Synthesis, Assembly, Uncoating

d. Adsorption, Penetration, Uncoating, Synthesis, Assembly, Release

A

Adsorption, Penetration, Uncoating, Synthesis, Assembly, Release

Review For Board Exam (10 decks)

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