muscular skeletal

Question 1

sprain vs strain

Answer 1

sprain is overstretching/ tear of a LIGAMENT
strain is overstretching/ tear of a TENDON/ MUSCLE

Question 2

what is a fracture

Answer 2

break in a bone

Question 3

what are signs and symptoms of a fracture

Answer 3

• pain/ tenderness
• Swelling
• Deformity/ unnatural alignment
• Decrease mobility/ abnormal movements
• Muscle spasms
• Impaired sensation
• Alterations in skin colouration

Question 4

what is the process of fracture healing

Answer 4

1. Haematoma formation- blood filling space between broken bones (clotting)
2. Soft callus formation- a network of fibrous CT and fibro cartilage that connects the ends of the broken bone, new blood vessels from the remaining bone penetrate into the soft callus
3. Hard callus formation- the fibrous tissue in the soft callus is replaced by bone, connecting the broken ends. New osteons and trabeculae form
4. Remodelling phase- the hard callus is remodelled to try and reshape bone to the original shape or as close as possible

Question 5

what is treatment and complications of a fracture

Answer 5

treatment
- Immobilisation-cast,splint
- Reduction-realignment
- Fixation -pins,screws,surgery

Complications
- Hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock
- Fat embolism syndrome
- Infection
- Delayed union, malunion, non-union