Muscular Disorders Flashcards
Muscle spasms
uncontrolled muscle contractions
caused by over/underuse or electrolyte/hydration imbalance
treat with hydration, electrolytes, and rest
(Athletes)
Strain
Overuse of muscles, work past limits, traumatic injury
Internal bleeding, spasms, inflammation, swelling, bruising
Treat rest, ice, and compression, brace/wrap (immobilization)
(Athletes, the inactive over exercising)
Abdominal hernias
Tissues that have breached abdominal wall (lumps)
Caused by sudden exertion (pushing)
Strangulation (small intestine), necrosis
Treat with no straining, pushing it back, surgery
(8x more common in males, elderly)
Tendonitis
Tendon inflammation
Caused by constant overuse
Inflammation, swelling, pain during use
Treated with not using injured tendon
(Athletes, people with continuous movement)
Fibromyalgia
Muscle pain @ tendinous insertions
Caused by certain foods or not moving on from trauma mentally
Muscle pain, fatigue, depression/mental fog
Treated with drugs, pain meds, antidepressants/therapy
(Females 20-45)
Muscular dystrophy
Muscle tissue dying/replaced with scar tissue
Caused by inheriting/mutation
Muscle pain, breathing and heart problems, learning disability (rare), walking difficulty
Treated with physical therapy, treat secondary infections (permanent and fatal)
(Younger people - DMD/Duchanne’s in infants, X-linked-men)
Tetanus
Spasms and stiffening of muscle from head/jaw downward
Caused by clostridium bacteria found in dirt, saliva, and rust
Fever/sweating, high/low blood pressure
Treated by wound cleaning, antibiotics, and antitoxin, prevented by vaccines and boosters
(Open-wounded people around rust)
Myasthenia gravis
Muscle weakness
Caused by antibodies attacking acetylcholine and neuromuscular junction
Eyelid dropping, double vision, breathing difficulty, fluctuating weakness
Treated with medication, therapy, thymectomy surgery, immunosuppressants, prevent by avoiding exhaustion & exercise correctly
(Women 30-40, men 60-70)
