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Muscles > Muscles - Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Muscles - Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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2
Q

Insertion of sartorius

A

Upper medial tibia

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3
Q

Innervation of sartorius

A

Femoral nerve

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4
Q

Action of sartorius

A

Flexes and laterally rotates femur at hip joint, flexes and medially rotates the leg and knee joint

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5
Q

Origin of rectus femorus

A

Straight head - Anterior inferior iliac spine

Reflected head - Ilium above acetabulum

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6
Q

Insertion of rectus femorus

A

Combined tendon inserts into the upper end of patella. Patellar ligament (lower end of quadriceps femoris tendon) inserts into tibial tuberosity

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7
Q

Innervation of rectus femorus

A

Femoral nerve

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8
Q

Action of rectus femorus

A

Extends leg at knee joint. Also flexes femur at hip joint

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9
Q

Origin of vastus medialis

A

Intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera

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10
Q

Insertion of vastus medialis

A

Combined tendon inserts into upper end of patella. Patellar ligament (lower end of quadriceps femoris tendon) inserts into tibial tuberosity

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11
Q

Innvervation of vastus medialis

A

Femoral nerve

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12
Q

Action of vastus medialis

A

Extends the leg at knee joint

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13
Q

Origin of vastus lateralis

A

Base of greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, lip of linea aspera

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14
Q

Insertion of vastus lateralis

A

Combined tendon inserts into the upper end of patella. Patellar ligament (lower end of quadriceps femoris tendon) inserts into tibial tuberosity

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15
Q

Action of vastus lateralis

A

Extends the leg at knee joint

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16
Q

Innervation of vastus lateralis

A

Femoral nerve

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17
Q

Origin of vastus intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

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18
Q

Insertion of vastus intermedius

A

Combined tendon inserts into upper end of patella. Patellar ligament (lower end of quadriceps femoris tendon) inserts into tibial tuberosity

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19
Q

Innervation of vastus intermedius

A

Femoral nerve

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20
Q

Action of vastus intermedius

A

Extends the leg at knee joint

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21
Q

Origin of iliopsoas

A

Ilacus - Iliac fossa

Psoas major - Bodies, discs, and trasverse processes from T12-L5

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22
Q

Insertion of iliopsoas

A

Common tendon on lesser trochanter of femur

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23
Q

Innervation of iliopsoas

A

Psoas - Ventral rami L2-L4

Iliacus - Femoral nerve

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24
Q

Action of iliopsoas

A

Chief flexor of the femur at the hip joint, flexes the vertebral column when sitting up from supine posiiton, stabilizes column in the sitting position

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25
Q

Origin of pectineus

A

Superior pubic ramus

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26
Q

Insertion of pectineus

A

Pectineal line of femur

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27
Q

Innervation of pectineus

A

Femoral nerve (sometimes receives branch of obturator)

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28
Q

Action of pectineus

A

Flexes and adducts the femur at the hip joint

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29
Q

Origin of gracilis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

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30
Q

Insertion of gracilis

A

Upper medial tibia (between insertions of the sartorius and semitendinosus)

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31
Q

Innervation of gracilis

A

Obturator

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32
Q

Action of gracilis

A

Adducts the femur at the hip joint, flexes the leg at the knee joint

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33
Q

Origin of adductor longus

A

Front of pubis

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34
Q

Insertion of adductor longus

A

Middle third of linea apera

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35
Q

Innervation of adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve

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36
Q

Action of adductor longus

A

Adducts and flexes the femur at the hip joint

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37
Q

Origin of adductor brevis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

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38
Q

Insertion of adductor brevis

A

Upper linea aspera

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39
Q

Innervation of adductor brevis

A

Obturator nerve

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40
Q

Action of adductor brevis

A

Adducts and flexes the femur at the hip joint

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41
Q

Origin of adductor magnus

A

Adductor portion - Ischiopubic ramus

Hamstring portion - Ischial tuberosity

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42
Q

Insertion of adductor magnus

A

Adductor portion - Linea aspera and medial supracondylar ridge
Hamstring portion - Adductor tubercle

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43
Q

Innervation of adductor magnus

A

Adductor portion - Obturator nerve

Hamstring portion - Tibial division of sciatic nerve

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44
Q

Action of adductor magnus

A

Adductor portion - Adducts and flexes the femur at the hip joint
Hamstring portion - Extends the femur at the hip joint

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45
Q

Origin of obturator externus

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

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46
Q

Insertion of obturator externus

A

Trochanteric fossa

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47
Q

Innervation of obturator externus

A

Obturator nerve

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48
Q

Action of obturator externus

A

Laterally rotates the femur at the hip joint

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49
Q

Origin of gluteus maximus

A

Ilium behind posterior gluteal line, sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

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50
Q

Insertion of gluteus maximus

A

2/3 insert into iliotibial tract, 1/3 insert into gluteal tuberosity of femur

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51
Q

Innervation of gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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52
Q

Action of gluteus maximus

A

Extends and laterally rotates femur at the hip joint, helps maintain knee joint in extension

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53
Q

Origin of gluteus medius

A

Outer ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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54
Q

Insertion of gluteus medius

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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55
Q

Innervation of gluteus medius

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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56
Q

Action of gluteus medius

A

Abducts and medially rotates femur at the hip joint

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57
Q

Origin of the gluteus minimus

A

Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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58
Q

Insertion of gluteus minimus

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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59
Q

Innervation of gluteus minimus

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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60
Q

Action of gluteus minimus

A

Abducts and medially rotates the femur at the hip joint

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61
Q

Origin of tensor fasciae latae

A

Anterior iliac crest

62
Q

Insertion of tensor fasciae latae

A

Iliotibial tract

63
Q

Innervation of tensor fasciae latae

A

Superior gluteal nerve

64
Q

Action of tensor fasciae latae

A

Flexes and abducts the femur at the hip joint

65
Q

Origin of piriforimis

A

Sacrum

66
Q

Insertion of piriformis

A

Greater trochanter of femur

67
Q

Innervation of piriformis

A

Nerve to piriformis

68
Q

Action of piriformis

A

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

69
Q

Origin of obturator internus

A

Inner surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

70
Q

Insertion of obturator internus

A

Greater trochanter of femur

71
Q

Innervation of obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

72
Q

Action of obturator internus

A

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

73
Q

Origin of superior gamellus

A

Ischial spine

74
Q

Insertion of superior gamellus

A

Tendon of obturator internus

75
Q

Innervation of superior gamellus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

76
Q

Action of superior gamellus

A

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

77
Q

Origin of inferior gamellus

A

Ischial tuberosity

78
Q

Insertion of inferior gamellus

A

Tendon of obturator internus

79
Q

Innervation of inferior gamellus

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

80
Q

Action of inferior gamellus

A

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

81
Q

Origin of quadratus femoris

A

Ischial tuberosity

82
Q

Insertion of quadratus femoris

A

Line below intertrochanteric crest

83
Q

Innervation of quadratus femoris

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

84
Q

Action of quadratus femoris

A

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

85
Q

Origin of biceps femoris

A

Long head - Ischial tuberosity

Short head - Lateral lip of linea aspera

86
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris

A

Head of fibula

87
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris

A

Long head - tibial nerve

Short head - common peroneal

88
Q

Action of biceps femoris

A

Extends femur at hip, flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee

89
Q

Origin of semitendinosus

A

Ischial tuberosity (with long head of biceps femoris)

90
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus

A

Medial tibia just behind sartorius and gracilis

91
Q

Innervation of semitendinosus

A

Tibial nerve

92
Q

Action of semitendinosus

A

Extends femur at hip joint, flexes and medially rotates leg at knee

93
Q

Origin of semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity

94
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus

A

Medial tibial condyle

95
Q

Innervation of semimembranosus

A

Tibial nerve

96
Q

Action of semimembranosus

A

Extends femur at hip, flexes and medially rotates leg at knee

97
Q

Pes anserinus tendons

A

Sartorius (anterior, femoral nerve), Gracilus (medial, obturator nerve), Semitendinosus (posterior, tibial nerve). All flex knee

98
Q

Anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius

99
Q

Origin of Tibialis anterior

A

Lateral tibia

100
Q

Insertion of tibialis anterior

A

Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

101
Q

Innervation of tibialis anterior

A

Deep fibular

102
Q

Action of tibalis anterior

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

103
Q

Origin of extensor digitorum longus

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, upper 3/4 of fibula

104
Q

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

Dorsal extensor expansions of lateral four toes

105
Q

Innervation of extensor digitorum longus

A

Deep fibular nerve

106
Q

Action of extensor digitorum longus

A

Dorsiflexes foot, extends lateral four toes

107
Q

Origin of extensor hallicus longus

A

Anterior fibula

108
Q

Insertion of extensor hallicus longus

A

Base of distal phalanx of big toe

109
Q

Innervation of extensor hallicus longus

A

Deep fibular nerve

110
Q

Action of extensor hallicus longus

A

Extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot

111
Q

Origin of fibularis tertius

A

Fibula

112
Q

Insertion of fibularis tertius

A

Base of fifth metatarsal

113
Q

Innervation of fibularis tertius

A

Deep fibular nerve

114
Q

Action of fibularis tertius

A

Dorsiflexes and everts foot

115
Q

Lateral compartment of leg

A

Fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

116
Q

Origin of fibularis longus

A

Lateral fibula

117
Q

Insertion of fibularis longus

A

Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

118
Q

Innervation of fibularis longus

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

119
Q

Action of fibularis longus

A

Everts and plantar flexes foot

120
Q

Origin of fibularis brevis

A

Lower lateral fibula

121
Q

Insertion of fibularis brevis

A

Tubercle on base of fifth metatarsal

122
Q

Innervation of fibularis brevis

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

123
Q

Action of fibularis brevis

A

Everts and plantar flexes foot

124
Q

Superficial posterior compartment

A

Gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus

125
Q

Deep posterior compartment

A

Popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus, tibalis posterior

126
Q

Origin of gastrocnemius

A

Medial and lateral heads from just above medial and lateral femoral condyles

127
Q

Insertion of gastrocnemius

A

Calcaneus via tendo calcaneus

128
Q

Innervation of gastrocnemius

A

Tibial nerve

129
Q

Action of gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexes foot at ankle, flexes leg at knee

130
Q

Origin of soleus

A

upper fibula and soleal line tibia

131
Q

Insertion of soleus

A

Calcaneus via tendo calcaneus

132
Q

Innervation of soleus

A

Tibial nerve

133
Q

Action of soleus

A

Plantar flexes foot

134
Q

Origin of plantaris

A

Femur just above origin of lateral belly of gastroc

135
Q

Insertion of plantaris

A

Calcaneus media to tendo calcaneus

136
Q

Innervation of plantaris

A

Tibial nerve

137
Q

Action of plantaris

A

Assists with plantar flexion of foot and flexion of leg at knee

138
Q

Origin of popliteus

A

Lateral femoral condyle, lateral meniscus, arcuate ligament

139
Q

Innervation of popliteus

A

Tibial nerve

140
Q

Action of popliteus

A

Medial rotation of tibia if leg free, lateral rotation of femur if foot on ground

141
Q

Origin of flexor digitorum longus

A

Middle part of posterior tibia

142
Q

Insertion of flexor digitorum longus

A

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four toes

143
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum longus

A

Tibial nerve

144
Q

Action of flexor digitorum longus

A

Flexes toes and plantar flexes foot

145
Q

Origin of flexor hallicus longus

A

Fibula

146
Q

Insertion of flexor hallicus longus

A

Distal phalanx of great toe

147
Q

Innervation of flexor hallicus longus

A

Tibial nerve

148
Q

Action of flexor hallicus longus

A

Flexes great toe and plantar flexes foot

149
Q

Origin of tibialis posterior

A

Tibia and fibula

150
Q

Insertion of tibialis posterior

A

Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, bases of 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals

151
Q

Innervation of tibialis posterior

A

Tibial nerve

152
Q

Action of tibialis posterior

A

Inverts and plantar flexes foot

Muscles (2 decks)

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