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Bio 20 > Muscle Review > Flashcards

Muscle Review Flashcards

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0
Q

What joins muscle to boneplp

A

Tendon

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1
Q

A muscle can only?

A

Contract

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2
Q

What joins bone to bone?

A

Ligament

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3
Q

Antagonist muscles are?

A

Muscles grouped to pull in opposite directions

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4
Q

A single muscle fibre is composed of many?

A

Myofibrils

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5
Q

What are the smallest functional group of muscle proteins that make up myofibrils?

A

Sarcomeres

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6
Q

Where are the smooth muscles located?

A

Blood vessels
Digestive track
Internal organs
Eyelids

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7
Q

When a sacomere contacts which protein slides?

A

Actin

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8
Q

Which element is essential for a muscle contraction?

A

Calcium

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9
Q

Which filament must be moved away from the binding sites before a muscle contraction can occur?

A

Tropomyosin

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10
Q

What protein structure is loaded with ATP in preparation for a muscle contraction?

A

The myosin head

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11
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle?

A

Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

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12
Q

Which type of muscle is branched, allowing for a coordinated and constantly strong muscle contraction?

A

Cardiac

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13
Q

A sprinter (100m) uses more fast twitch or slow twitch muscles?

A

Fast twitch

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14
Q

Why does a slow twitch muscle set allow for prolonged exercise?

A

Slow twitch muscles contain numerous mitochondria which produces long term energy. These require high levels of glucose and do not fatigue as easily

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15
Q

What is the “all or nothing” muscle response

A

A single myofibril will completely contract

16
Q

Describe skeletal muscles

A

Are striated and tubular
Have many nuclei
Contract voluntarily

17
Q

Describe smooth muscle

A

Non striated
Have one nucleus
Contract involuntarily
Found in walls or internal organs

18
Q

Describe cardiac muscle

A

Are striated tubular and branched
Have one nucleus
Contract involuntarily
Are found in the walls of the heart

19
Q

What is the hierarchy of muscle structure

A 
Muscle
Muscle fibre bundle
Muscle fibre
Myofibrils
Myofilaments

Bio 20 (7 decks)

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