Muscle Relaxants Flashcards
Uses of NMBA are:
1) Tracheal Intubation
2) Facilitate ventilation
3) Provide optimal surgical conditions
Other names for a suxamethonium block is
Phase 1 Block or Accomodation Block
Dosage of Suxamethonium in neonates is
1-1.5mg/kg
Dosage of Suxamethonium in infants is
2-3mg/kg
Suxamethomium prolongation can be due to
1) Liver diseases
2) Starvation/Hypoproteinimic states
Preganglionic causes of suxamethonium prolongation are
1) Dilutional effect
2) Decreased enzyme synthesis
Genetic causes of suxamethonium prolongation due to the presence of abnormal genes for plasma cholinesterase:
1) Atypical
2) Flouride
3) Silent genes
Contraindications of suxamethonium are:
1) High K⁺
2) Buytrylcholinesterase deficiency
3) Malignant Hyperthermia
4) Receptor upregulation
State the phenotypes, genotypes, durations and bupivacaine values of the genetics of plasma cholinesterase in association with suxamethonium prolongation:
1) GENOTYPE - E₁ᵘ E₁ᵘ
PHENOTYPE - Homozygous Typical
DIBUCAINE NO. - 70-80
DURATION - Normal
2) GENOTYPE - E₁ᵘ E₁ᵃ
PHENOTYPE - Heterozygous Atypical
DIBUCAINE NO. - 50-60
DURATION - 30mins
3) GENOTYPE - E₁ᵃ E₁ᵃ
PHENOTYPE - Homozygous Atypical
DIBUCAINE NO. - 20-30
DURATION - > 2hrs
The long acting non-depolarizing muscle blockers are
1) Pancronium
2) Tubocuraine
3) Alcronium
The intermediate acting non-depolarizing muscle blocks are:
1) Atracurium
2) Cistracurium
3) Vecuronium
4) Rocuronium
Some side effects of suxamethonium include
1) Muscle pain
2) Raised intracranial pressure
3) Raised intra-ocular pressure
4) Hyperkalemia and arrhythmias and death
5) Increased intragastric pressure
6) Phase II block after repeated use
Based on structure muscle blockers can be grouped into?
1) Aminosteroids
2) Benzylisoquinoliniums
Examples of Aminosteroids are:
1) Pancronium
2) Vec
3) Roc
Examples of benzylisoquinoliniums are
1) Tubocuraine
2) Cisatracurium
3) Atracurium
4) Alcorunium
