Multistep Process of Carcinogenesis

Question 1

HIV can lead to which type of cancer(s)?

Answer 1

Kaposis sarcoma

Castleman’s syndrome

Question 2

HHV8 can lead to which type of cancer(s)?

Answer 2

Kaposis sarcoma

Castleman’s syndrome

Question 3

EBV can lead to which type of cancer(s)?

Answer 3

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Question 4

Which virus leads to cervical cancer?

Answer 4

HPV 16
HPV 18
HPV 31
HPV 45

Question 5

Which virus can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 5

Hep B

Hep C

Question 6

What cancer(s) can malaria lead to?

Answer 6

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Question 7

Which cancer(s) can schistosoma joponicum lead to?

Answer 7

Colorectal
HCC
Lymphoreticular

Question 8

Which cancer(s) can schistosoma haematobium lead to?

Answer 8

Bladder cancer

Question 9

Liver flukes can lead to which type of cancer(s)?

Answer 9

Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 10

What is breast cancer risk directly related to?

Answer 10

Duration of exposure to oestrogen:
Early menarche
Late menopause
HRT
Decreased parity

Question 11

What is ovarian cancer risk directly linked to?

Answer 11

Increased ovulation no - therefore increased risk with nulliparity
OCP - beneficial as it inhibits ovulation

Question 12

Name two agents that can increase the risk of endometrial cancer?

Answer 12

HRT

Tamoxifen