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Public Health > MT1 > Flashcards

MT1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following would be a vaccine that is homologous to another organism?

A

Smallpox

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2
Q

In dairy products, what is the most expected bacterial contamination?

A

Salmonella

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3
Q

What is the correct term to use when you are measuring the number of new cases of HIV within a city?

A

Incidence

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4
Q

What term is used when you know from experience the expected number of a disease from one year to another?

A

Endemic

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5
Q

IN the Cycle of Poverty in public health, what component of cycle can be caused by education & capital formation?

A

Birth Rate

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6
Q

Within the paper on Health & Wealth of Nations, what is the primary benefit of creating wealth within the population?

A

Creating Jobs

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7
Q

In the immune response to a vaccine, what type of a cell initially processing the antigen and delivers required protein information to the T-cells?

A

Macrophage

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8
Q

Which of the following types of viral diseases is considered the less likely to shift or drift in their genetic code?

A

DNAds

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9
Q

When people die in a Refugee Camp because of poor conditions, what is the most likely source of the risk, leading to high death rates?

A

Water

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10
Q

Most common example of a live/attenuated vaccine

A

Polio

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11
Q

Refugees, worldwide, can sometimes become mixed and not recognized within what other group:

A

a. Migrant Workers
b. Homeless
c. Prisoners
d. All of these***

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12
Q

Currently, what disease is the most threatening to the citizens of Haiti?

A

Cholera

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13
Q

Given the conditions of Haiti, what re-emerging and currently endemic infection is likely to increase over the next years? **this questions was disregarded

A

a. Hookworm
b. Cholera*
c. TB*
d. Salmonella
e. Malaria

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14
Q

Select the current emerging diseases that is transmitted by a vector-borne mechanism:

A

Lymes Disease

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15
Q
  1. Presently, what type of organism seems to produce the most severe form of sexually transmitted diseases?
A

Viruses

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16
Q

Freezing meat helps to preserve it by killing most of the bacteria:

A

False

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17
Q

Healthy People 2000 for the US, what is the target for lowering specific diseases within the country?

A

a. Mortality
b. Morbidity
c. Both***
d. Neither

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18
Q

From our discussion of the public health cycle of disease, when the infant mortality is high in a developing country, what is expected to happen to the population?

A

Increase

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19
Q

In the video on parasites, what type of organism can become more serious after treatment?

A

Worms

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20
Q

The productivity of a country, its GNP, can be an indirect measure of what feature of its general population?

A

a. Health
b. Education
c. Neither
d. Both***

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21
Q

While the local city and state laws are the main legal leverage for enacting public health rules, federal laws are established at what level?

A

Consitution

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22
Q

In the Chronic Cycle of Disease the key relationship for lowering rate of population growth involves:

A

Economic Freedom of Women

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23
Q

Which of the following microorganisms is responsible for most of the food risks associated with poultry?

A

Salmonella

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24
Q

In the recent epidemic of Swine Flu, which is the setting for mutational events leading to the release of H1N1?

A

The Pig

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25
Q

The most serious parasitic plague for humans in the tropics:

A

Malaria

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26
Q

In the Health & Wealth of Nations paper we discussed in lecture, one of the main benefits to a larger and Healthy older population is:

A

Capital formation

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27
Q

A developing country with a large base of youth will always be able to create surplus jobs to maintain a healthy GIP And a productive nation regardless of available capital:

A

False

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28
Q

As a general rule, the health crisis to the citizens of a particular nation is mostly influenced by what factor?

A

Culture

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29
Q

The prosperity of a nation is based primarily on the years of longevity of its citizens, which is dependent most on what influence:

A

Education

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30
Q

In new age, what stage is considered the “Chemical Stage”?

A

Tertiary

31
Q

Which disease has almost been eradicated from the USA mainly by the use of vaccines?

A

Polio

32
Q

Most of the old world diseases that followed explorers to the new world came primarily from what source?

A

Humans on board

33
Q

Which of the following diseases is considered to have its origin as a cattle disease knows as RINDERPESTS

A

Measles

34
Q

Which of the following vaccines can occasionally “revert to wild type” after administration?

A

Live but attenuated

35
Q

which of the following is generally considered to have been the single most devastating epidemic recorded?

A

the flu of 1917 (not the plague as it occurred on multiple occasions)

36
Q

The law requiring the use of motorcycle helmets was a significant reason for lowering health care costs in ER settings, by lowering what event?

A

fewer major head injuries

37
Q

From the video on Ebola, there is evidence that the ~virus can transfer between people by what means?

A

Contact

38
Q

What is the name of a vaccine made from preexisting antibodies as in the treatment for tetanus?

A

Passive immunity

39
Q

Who is credited with writing the first code of hygiene in the year 1500 BC?

A

Hebrews

40
Q

Greek civilizations (100-400 BC) established public health for all greek citizens?

A

false

41
Q

what was the vector for the Black Plague?

A

Fleas

42
Q

In the Ebola Video what animal was the host to a similar virus that showed up in germany in the 1960s?

A

Monkey

43
Q

which of the following emerging diseases has an ARTHROPOD vector?

A

dengue fever

44
Q

the latest epidemic of ebola was discovered in what country?

A

africa

45
Q

the current problem associated with the rise of TB, in part, stems from what increasing problem

A

poverty

46
Q

the epidemic of TB slowed with the discovery of what treatment technique?

A

multiple drug use

47
Q

within developing nations, which of the following is most important for controlling infectious diseases?

A

clean drinking water

48
Q

the endemic levels of a disease have which of the following definitions

A

expected number over time

49
Q

DPT is the vaccine to eliminate, some common infectious disease reisks in young children, which pathology is not covered?

A

Polio

50
Q

What time period ushered in the beginning of the major diseases associated with CROWDING and POVERTY within EUROPEAN and US cities

A

1800

51
Q

in the discussion of mad cow disease this virus is unique because it does not have what key component of life

A

DNA/RNA

52
Q

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem in the selection of therapeautics, especially viruses that have distributed resistant genes through conjugation

A

False

53
Q

Which of the following is now considered an emerging disease, which can be found in both food and water in the US

A

E. Coli H157 H7

54
Q

When discussing the yearly influenza virus which visits the US, what animal is considered the mixing vessel for creating new strains of the virus

A

Pigs

55
Q

What is the term used to describe the total number of people with a particular disease, at any given time, within a country

A

endemic

56
Q

the vaccine for malaria as discussed in the video was based on antibodies against the antigens of the plasmodium. once the pathogen enters the body, how much time passes before the plasmodium arrives at the liver

A

30 minutes

57
Q

in the emerging disease hanta virus, what are the ultimate sources of the microorganisms

A

mouse

58
Q

what is the term used to describe the number of proteases of new cases of a particular disease within a given period of time within a given location

A

incidence

59
Q

when refugees from a war torn country are forced to live “on the move” their death rates is altered by the stress, what is the impact on the death rate?

A

about 6x normal

60
Q

in calculating a YPLL for a particular US city (as done in lecture) what population group was in the numerator of the formula?

This answer is incorrect, if the question said denominator it would be the right answer***

A

people

61
Q

sewage treatment plants and septic tanks have anaerobic metabolism in what state of the process

A

primary

62
Q

which of the following organism is used to measure the safety (potable water) of drinking water?

A

E. coli

63
Q

where in the sewage treatment plant is the BOD level at its greatest value?

A

Primary (BOD = biologic oxygen demant, highest in stage 1 anaerobic phase)

64
Q

in the laboratory procedure for measuring water contamination from coliform bacteria, which type of bacterial media plate is most commonly used

A

EMB

65
Q

In the edge theory of disease, which of the following was likely to be a disease left with natives in the early 1800’s

A

leprosy

66
Q

outbreaks of contaminates foods such as meats, fresh vegetables, are now considered a problem of epidemic proportion with the USA, what is the most often reported source of the outbreaks

A

E. Coli 0157H7

67
Q

Definition of Morbidity

A

how many cases will present

68
Q

Definition of mortality

A

how many will die

69
Q

Definition of incidence

A

new cases

70
Q

Definition of endemic

A

expected cases (based on year to year patterns)

71
Q

Definition of prevalence

A

total cases

72
Q

Definition of pandemic

A

crossing borders

73
Q

Definition of cluster epidemic

A

defined by place, time, or circumstance

Public Health (1 decks)

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