Movement of Molecules

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low - PASSIVE

Question 2

osmosis

Answer 2

diffusion of water through a permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low - PASSIVE

Question 3

active transport

Answer 3

movement of molecules against the concentration gradient, pumped by energy e.g. glucose uptake by villi in small intestine

Question 4

surface area to volume ratio

Answer 4

larger the ratio, faster the rate - more area is exposed and larger area for process to take place

Question 5

distance

Answer 5

shorter the distance, faster the process

Question 6

temperature

Answer 6

higher temp, faster as particles have more kinetic energy

Question 7

concentration gradient

Answer 7

greater difference, faster reaction

Question 8

hypotonic

Answer 8

higher wall concentration outside cell

Question 9

hypertonic

Answer 9

lower wall concentration outside cell

Question 10

cells in hypotonic

Answer 10

animals - swell and burst - swell until cytoplasm and cell membrane pushing against the cell wall

Question 11

cells in hypertonic

Answer 11

animals - shrink, plant - cell membranes peel away from well wall

Question 12

signs of active transport

Answer 12

against concentration gradient, carrier proteins, mitochondria for energy