Mouth to Oesophagus

Question 1

what is the function of
1)lips
2)teeth
3) salivary glands
4) tongue
5) soft palate
6) tonsils

Answer 1

1)lips= control entry + exit to the mouth
2) teeth= (moved by muscles of mastication) break down food mechanically
3) salivary glands= chemically digest food
4) tongue= moves food (bolus) to back of mouth
5) soft palate= elevates to prevent food from passing into nasal cavity
6) tonsils= immunological defense

Question 2

anatomical name for
1)top jaw
2)bottom jaw

Answer 2

1)top jaw= maxilla
2)bottom jaw= mandible

Question 3

The lips contain muscle fibres from ______ _____ , a sphincter muscle which encircles the mouth.
This is one of the muscles of facial expression, and is innervated by the _____ ______.

Answer 3

The lips contain muscle fibres from ORBICULARIS ORIS, a sphincter muscle which encircles the mouth.
This is one of the muscles of facial expression, and is innervated by the FACIAL NERVE.

Question 4

what is the buccinator muscle innervated by

Answer 4

Buccinator is a cheek muscle innervated by facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)

Question 5

what is the function of trigeminal nerve and what are the 3 divisions of it starting from top of face moving down

Answer 5

→ Provides sensory feedback innervation for entire face. It has 3 divisions:
* ophthalmic
* maxillary
* mandibular

Question 6

what are the 3 paired salivary glands and what nerve are each of them innervated by

Answer 6

3 paired salivary glands;
(glossopharangeal nerve innervates)the Parotid gland

(facial nerve innervates ) the Submandibular gland

(facial nerve innervates) the Sublingual gland

Question 7

the Tongue is composed of 2 groups of skeletal muscles; intrinsic muscles and extrinsic muscles. The skeletal muscles are covered by mucous membrane and receive their motor nerve supply from the __________ _______

Answer 7

the Tongue is composed of 2 groups of skeletal muscles; intrinsic muscles and extrinsic muscles. The skeletal muscles are covered by mucous membrane and receive their motor nerve supply from the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE

Question 8

Which cranial nerve provides special sensory supply to the anterior 2/3 region of the tongue?

Answer 8

special sensory supply (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of tongue is provided by CHORDA TYMPANI (branch of facial nerve)

Question 9

Which cranial nerve provides special sensory supply to the posterior 1/3 region of the tongue?

Answer 9

special sensory supply (taste) to the posterior 1/3 of tongue is provided by glossopharangeal nerve

Question 10

Which cranial nerve provides general sensory supply to the posterior 1/3 region of the tongue?

Answer 10

general sensory supply to the posterior 1/3 of tongue is supplied by glossopharangeal

Question 11

Which cranial nerve provides general sensory supply to the anterior 2/3 region of the tongue?

Answer 11

general sensory supply to the anterior 2/3 of tongue is provided by LINGUAL NERVE

Question 12

what nerve are the muscles of the soft palate innervated by

Answer 12

the muscles of the soft palate are innervated by the vagus nerve

Question 13

what are the teeth innervated by

Answer 13

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 14

what nerve innervates the lips

Answer 14

facial nerve

Question 15

what nerve innervates tongue movement

Answer 15

hypoglossal nerve

Question 16

sensory innervation of the pharynx is from the ________ nerve

Answer 16

sensory innervation of the pharynx is from the GLOSSOPHARANGEAL nerve

Question 17

what are the muscles of mastication

Answer 17

The muscles of mastication are a group of muscles that consist of the temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles

Question 17

in the pharynx, we have 3 muscles ( superior,middle and inferior constrictor) these control swallowing. What nerve innervates these?

Answer 17

Superior, middle, inferior constrictor muscles all constrict the walls of the pharynx during swallowing and are innervated by the VAGUS NERVE

Question 18

what elevates the pharynx during swallowing; and what is it innervated by

Answer 18

the stylopharyngeus elevates the pharynx during swallowing + is innervated by the GLOSSOPHARANGEAL NERVE

Question 19

what is the gag reflex

Answer 19

the gag reflex is a response to touching of the posterior pharyngeal wall (glossopharangeal nerve) and involves a brisk + brief elevation of the soft palate + contraction of pharangeal muscles (vagus nerve)

Question 20

what is the anatomical term for swallowing

Answer 20

deglutition= swallowing

Question 21

what are the 4 constrictions of the oesophagus

Answer 21

4 constrictions of oesophagus:
* cervical constriction (narrowest controlled by cricopharyngeus muslce)
* thoracic aortic constriction
* thoracic left primary bronchial constriction
* diaphragmatic constriction