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Pharmacology > Morphine, Fentanyl, Ondansetron > Flashcards

Morphine, Fentanyl, Ondansetron Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine classification

A

Opiate, narcotic analgesic

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2
Q

Morphine trade name

A

Duramorph, astromorph

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3
Q

Morphine desired effects

A

Potent analgesic; CNS depressant; causes peripheral Venus dilation

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4
Q

Morphine mechanism of action

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the CNS. Decreases pain transmission

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5
Q

Morphine indications

A

Severe pain i.e. fractures, kidney stones, burns
Acute myocardial infarction

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6
Q

Morphine contraindications

A

Respiratory distress / depression
Head injury
Bronchospasm or asthma
Hypovolemic shock

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7
Q

Morphine Adverse reactions

A

CNS depression
Respiratory depression / apnea
Bradycardia
Nausea / vomiting

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8
Q

Morphine precautions

A

Naloxone ready for overdose or toxicity
More pronounced effects in elderly patients

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9
Q

Morphine adult dosing

A

2- 5 mg slow IV push every 5 minutes max 10 mg

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10
Q

Morphine pediatric dosing

A

0.1 mg / kilogram slow IV push repeat every 5 minutes. Max dose 10 mg

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11
Q

Fentanyl classification

A

Opiate agonist

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12
Q

Fentanyl trade name

A

Sublimaze, Fentura

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13
Q

Fentanyl desired effect

A

Alter pain reception / increase pain threshold

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14
Q

Fentanyl mechanism of action

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS reducing stimuli from nerve endings

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15
Q

Fentanyl indications

A

Severe pain
Pain and anxiety associated with CPAP

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16
Q

Fentanyl contraindications

A

Increased ICP
Severe hepatic or renal impairment
Respiratory depression
Asthma

17
Q

Fentanyl adverse reactions

A

Drowsiness
Nausea / vomiting
Respiratory depression
Bradycardia

18
Q

Fentanyl drug interactions

A

Amiodarone: profound bradycardia, sinus arrest, hypotension

Benzodiazepines, may increase risk of hypotension / respiratory depression

19
Q

Fentanyl adult dosing

A

50 - 100 MCG IM, IN or slow IVP over 2-3 min

20
Q

Fentanyl pediatric dosing

A

0.5 - 1 mcg/kg IM, IN or slow IVP

21
Q

Ondansetron classification

A

Antiemetic

22
Q

Ondansetron trade name

A

Zofran

23
Q

Ondansetron mechanism of action

A

Is a selective five - HT3 receptor antagonist. Mechanism of action has not been fully characterized

24
Q

Ondansetron desired effect

A

Prevent nausea and vomiting

25
Q

Ondansetron indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

26
Q

Ondansetron contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

27
Q

Ondansetron adverse reactions

A

Headache
Rare cases: chest pain and hypovolemia

28
Q

Ondansetron adult dosing

A

4 mg slow IV push over 2- 5 minutes or 4 mg IM

29
Q

Ondansetron pediatric dosing
Less than 40 kg

A

0.1 mg / kilograms slow IV push over 2-5 minutes; patients less than 40 kg

30
Q

Ondansetron pediatric dosing
Over 40 kg

A

4 mg slow IV push over 2-5 minutes for patients over 40 kg

Can also give PO

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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