Molecules Flashcards
What is a monomer ?
A single unit which is the most basic; a single sugar, a single amino acid or a glycerol or fatty acid.
What is a dimer?
Two monomers chemically bonded together.
What is a polymer?
A long chain of monomers chemically bonded together.
Anabolism
Building larger molecules ,a condensation reaction that requires energy, used in protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, photosynthesis.
Catabolism
Breaking down large molecules, hydrolysis reaction that releases energy, used in digestion of food, cellular respiration, digestion of complex compounds.
Mono
Di -saccharide
Poly
One
Two - molecule of carbohydrates
More than three
Dipeptide
Two protien molecules
Triglyceride
Three fatty acids and a glycerol molecules
Hydrogen bonding
Where electrons within a molecule are not evenly distributed leading to areas of negative charge within a molecule. A negatively polarised area of one molecule attracts a positively charged area of another forming an electrostatic bond that is weaker than the other two bonds.
Condensation reaction
Joins together two molecules, involves the elimination of a molecule of water. [C12 H22 O11+ H2O]
Hydrolysis reaction
Breaks a chemical bond between two molecules, involves the use of a water molecule. [C12 H24O12]
Glycosidic bond
bonding of carbohydrates
Glycosidic bond
bonding of carbohydrates
Isomeric monomer
chemical formula is identical, but is structurally different
What bond carbohydrates?
Glycosidc bonds
