Molecular Polarity

Question 1

What is molecular polarity?

Answer 1

Molecular polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule.

Question 2

True or False: Polar molecules have an even distribution of charge.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What determines the polarity of a molecule?

Answer 3

The polarity of a molecule is determined by its shape and the electronegativity differences between its atoms.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: A molecule is considered polar if it has a _________ dipole moment.

Answer 4

net

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is polar? A) CO2 B) H2O C) CH4

Answer 5

B) H2O

Question 6

True or False: Symmetrical molecules are always nonpolar.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What role do lone pairs play in molecular polarity?

Answer 7

Lone pairs can affect the shape of a molecule, leading to an uneven distribution of charge.

Question 8

What is the electronegativity scale used for?

Answer 8

The electronegativity scale is used to measure the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

Question 9

Which bond type is most likely to be polar?

Answer 9

A bond between atoms with significantly different electronegativities.

Question 10

What is a dipole moment?

Answer 10

A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: In a polar covalent bond, electrons are _________ shared between atoms.

Answer 11

unequally

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of nonpolar molecules? A) High dipole moment B) Symmetrical shape C) Significant electronegativity difference

Answer 12

B) Symmetrical shape

Question 13

What is the significance of molecular geometry in determining polarity?

Answer 13

Molecular geometry determines how the polar bonds are arranged in space, affecting the overall dipole moment.

Question 14

True or False: All molecules with polar bonds are polar.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is the effect of molecular symmetry on polarity?

Answer 15

Molecular symmetry can cancel out dipole moments, resulting in a nonpolar molecule.

Question 16

How does the presence of different atoms in a molecule affect its polarity?

Answer 16

Different atoms with varying electronegativities create polar bonds, which can lead to an overall polar molecule.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: A molecule with a net dipole moment points from the _________ to the _________.

Answer 17

positive end; negative end

Question 18

What type of intermolecular forces are present in polar molecules?

Answer 18

Dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding.

Question 19

What is the relationship between molecular polarity and solubility?

Answer 19

Polar molecules tend to dissolve in polar solvents, while nonpolar molecules dissolve in nonpolar solvents.

Question 20

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar? A) NH3 B) O2 C) HCl

Answer 20

B) O2

Question 21

True or False: Water is a polar solvent.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is a common method to predict molecular polarity?

Answer 22

Using VSEPR theory to analyze molecular geometry and bond polarity.

Question 23

What is the effect of hydrogen bonding on the properties of polar molecules?

Answer 23

Hydrogen bonding increases boiling points and solubility in polar solvents.

Question 24

How can you determine if a molecule is polar using a Lewis structure?

Answer 24

By evaluating the arrangement of bonds and lone pairs to see if they create an asymmetrical shape.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Molecules with _________ geometries often have net dipole moments.

Answer 25

trigonal pyramidal or bent