Mokah Pain

Question 1

what is cutaneous pain

Answer 1

hard wired system that allows you to know where pain is localized, and you can identify the actual tissue damage

Question 2

what is visceral pain

Answer 2

diffuse in character, poorly localized . it is usually referred pain

Question 3

which kind of pain is associated with emotional and autonomic responses

Answer 3

visceral

Question 4

what happens in the convergence hypothesis

Answer 4

the brain does mislocalization of where the problem is

Question 5

what allows for convergence to occur?

Answer 5

both the skin and visceral fibers must enter thru the same dorsal root

Question 6

Where do the visceral pain fibers from the heart and upper extremities enter

Answer 6

t1-t5

Question 7

which fibers mediate pain

Answer 7

a delta and c fibers

Question 8

a child is born without a delta and c fibers. what does this mean

Answer 8

they will not be able to feel pain

Question 9

what feature of c fibers makes it difficult to localize pain

Answer 9

there are diffuse terminations which means its not a good stimulus for localization. the terminations because there are few visceral pain receptors as compared to skin

Question 10

what are 4 factors enabling referral of visceral pain

Answer 10

1. diffuse terminations of visceral pain fibers
2. localized terminations of skin pain fibers
3. convergence of skin and visceral pain fibers on the same spinothalamic tract neurons
4. visceral and skin pain fibers enter thru the same dorsal root

Question 11

pain from uterine body is carried by what nerve

Answer 11

hypogastric nerve

Question 12

pain form anus, vagina and clitoris is carried by what main nerve, and which specific nerves to each part?

Answer 12

main = pudendal
clitoris = dorsal nerve
vagina = sup perineal
anus = inf rectal nerve

Question 13

which nerve mediates pain induced by hemrroids

Answer 13

pooooooodendal nerve

Question 14

what can cause compression of the pudendal nerve

Answer 14

constipation

Question 15

what segments carry info for the uterine body

Answer 15

t10 - L1

Question 16

humans that lack peizo2 channel have what impairment

Answer 16

impaired bladder control and diminished bladder filling sensation

Question 17

a woman is giving birth and wants to not feel anything including contractions where should epidural be placed

Answer 17

in the lumbar epidural space as this will block pain from both the uterus and vagina

Question 18

a woman is giving birth and wants to feel contractions but nothing else, where is epidural placed

Answer 18

caudal epidural

Question 19

where is the parasympathetic region

Answer 19

t1-L3

Question 20

in which area of the brain does pain info go

Answer 20

parietal operculum

Question 21

which part of the brain is this: emotional responses to pain. Integrates different dimensions of pain

Answer 21

insular cortex

Question 22

which part of the brain is this: integrates the unpleasant experiences of pain

Answer 22

anterior cingulate cortex

Question 23

a pt is terminally ill with cancer and is in lots of pain. what is a procedure that could help eliminate pain

Answer 23

midline myelotomy - it shows that the fasiculus gracilis carries some pain info

Question 24

how can inflammation in the uterus cause inflammation in the colon

Answer 24

action potentials release neuropeptides from visceral afferent in the colon

Question 25

how does stress increase pain

Answer 25

stress activates PAG which increases sensitization to pain. There is enhanced visceral pain transmission in the dorsal horn

Question 26

Where does pelvic nerve enter

Answer 26

s2-s4

Question 27

pain from hemrroids is mediated by what nerve

Answer 27

poooooodendal nerve

Question 28

What is another term for hemorrhoids

Answer 28

thombosed subepithelial varicosities

Question 29

a person has gradual urinary incontinene and sensory deficit restricted to the perineum where is the damage

Answer 29

neoplasm at s2-s4

Question 30

where does the body of UTERUSthe hypgastric nerve terminate

Answer 30

t10 to L1

Question 31

anxiety makes what kind of pain worse

Answer 31

visceral