Module 6 Final Flashcards
____ took the first intraoral radiograph.
Walkhoff
_____ was a professor of physics, and discovered X-rays.
Roentgen
The open-ended tube, commonly referred to as the cone is called the:
Position Indicator Device (PID)
The ____ is a negative electrode that produces electrons.
Cathode
The sharpness or definition of the radiograph is determined by the:
Focal Spot
Radiation trauma that causes changes to the ____ cells will affect future generations in anomalies or birth defects.
Genetic
The dose to which the body tissues are exposed, measured in terms of its estimated biological effects, is the:
Sv.
the portion of the primary beam that is limited by the collimator inside the position indicating device is known as the:
Useful Beam
The aluminum material that is placed in the path of the beam of radiation to remive many soft rays or longer wavelengths that are undesirable is the:
Filter
The recommended postion for the operator during x-radiation exposure is:
Behind a leaded door at a distance of at least 6 feet from the central beam.
____ is the most common setting for the milliamperage.
10-15 mA
____ is the setting on the control panel that regulates the force with which the electrons move across the tube gap.
Kilovoltage (kVp)
if the operator increases the exposure time, the film will appear:
Darker.
There are several tyes of film holders available, including Styrofoam, Stabe bite-block, ____, EEZEE grip, Uni- BIte, and EndoRay.
XCP
The type of film placed directly into the mouth for exposure is called a/n ____ film.
Intraoral
The two most common extraoral films used to investigate the jaws and skull are the cephalometric and the ____ film.
Panoramic
The fastest speed film is:
F-speed.
The safe light within the dark room must be at least ____ feet away from the working surface during film processing.
Four
The floaating-type thermometer is placed in the ____, and should be periodocally checked for radiographic processing.
Developer
The chemicals used to process films should be changed approximately every ____ weeks.
3-4
The processing tanks must have a/n ____ to prevent the film from light exposure, oxidation, and evaporation of chemicals.
Metal lid
When processing film at higher temperatures, the developing time is:
Decreased.
Dark films are the result of:
overdeveloping and overexposing.
Too short a fixing time can result in:
Partial loss of the image.
When the developing solution becomes exhausted, processed films appear:
Light.
All dental x-ray equipment made after 1974 is required by federal regulations to meet safety standards for minimum filtration and x-ray equipment control settings. The three settings required for inspection are ____, mA, and time.
kVp
Federal legislation requires dental auxilliaries who will be exposed to radiography to:
Successfully pass a radiology course as required by the individual’s State Board of Dentistry.
Exposed radiographs:
Are opened without touching hte contaminated dental film with ungloved hands.
Film holding devices and alignment devices are classified as ____ instruments, and must be sterilized.
Semi-critical
The American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology recommends the ____ technique for intraoral dental radiographs.
Parallelling
Foreshortening of the film is due to ____ of the PID.
Too much veritcal angulation.
Overlapping is caused by an error in ____.
Horizontal angulation
The number of films that comprise an adult full-mouth series (FMX):
18-20.
The intraoral film used to show desired teeth, their apices, and surrounding areas are called ____ films.
Periapical
The intraoral x-ray films used to show the interproximal teeth are called ____ films.
Bitewing
The guiding principle in dental radiography is known as ALARA. ALARA stands for:
As low as reasonably achievable.
During application of the parallel technique the aiming ring of the film-holding instrument should align ____ to the PID.
Parallel
The use of a cotton roll on the anterior bite-block will keep the tooth and film ____ to each other.
Vertical
What quadrants require the same assemble for posterior setup of the XCP?
Maxillary left and mandibular right.
The embossed dot on the film is used when ____ intraoral radiographs.
Mounting
The embossed dot should always be placed toward the ____ sirface when inserted into the bite-block.
Occlusal
When taking mandibular and bitewing films, the dental assistant must have the patient lift her ____ so that the lower border of the film packet is directly lingual.
Tongue
The film size used when taking a full mouth series of x-rays on an adult patient:
Size 2
For taking a maxillary premolar, the film is centered on the second premolar and parallel with the tooth’s ____, and overlapping the distal contact of the cuspid.
Long axis
In the bisecting angle technique, the PID and x-ray beam are directed ____ to the imaginary plane that dissects a triangle created by the long axis of the tooth and film.
Perpendicular
In positioning the patient for the maxillary arch, the dental assistant must have the ala-tragus line or the ____ horizontal and parallel to the floor.
Frankfort plane
The film that produces radiographs that show the coronal portion of the teeth is called:
Bitewing.
In taking a bitewing radiograph without an alignment device, the dental assistant ensures that the ala-tragus line is parallel with the floor and the mid-sagittal plane is ____ to the floor.
Perpendicular
When taking an occlusal radiograph, the “dot upside” of the film is faced ____ toward the arch being examined.
Toward
When taking a periapical endodontic film, the dental assistant may have the patient hold the film with:
A hemostat.
When the periapical film is placed backwards in the patients mouth, ____ would be exposed on the diagnostic film.
A herringbone pattern
When mounting radiographs the films to be mounted are divided into three groups: maxillary periapicals, ____.
Bitewings, and mandibular periapicals.
A technique utilized to expose a radiographic image of a curved layer with a narrow beam of x-rays is known as:
Rotational panoramic radiography.
The size film 5x12 is an example of a ____ extraoral radiograph.
Panoramic
A film-holding device for panoramic films is the:
Rigid or flexible cassette.
There are four anatomical planes used to position patients in the panoramic unit: the midsagittal plane, the ala-tragus line, the anteroposterior plane, and the:
Frankfort plane.
The line that is utilized as a positioning guide during panoramic radiography is known as the ____ plane.
Frankfort
The ____ is a horizontal line from the upper margin of the ear to the lower margin of the eye orbit.
Frankfort plane.
For a panoramic radiograph, the lead apron is placed:
To completely cover the front and back of the patient.
The ____ runs from the winged flare of the nostril to the opening of the ear.
Ala-tragus line
The ____ is a forward-backward plane aligned with a specific landmark on the panoramic unit.
Anteroposterior plane
A common error in panoramic radiography is due to:
All of the above
When taking a panoramic radiograph on an obese patient, the kV or mA exposure should be set to the next ____ setting.
Highest
When positioning the patient for a panoramic radiograph, the following items should be removed from the patient:
Eyewear, metalwear above the shoulders, dentures, and removal appliances.
A ____ view is an excellent radiograph for viewing the body and ramus of the mandible.
Lateral oblique
An extraoral radiograohy used to view the profile of the skull is called a ____ radiograph.
Cephalometric
When obtaining a Waters Skull view, the patient’s chin is touching the cassette and the nose is positioned about ____ inches from the film cassette.
.75
The Townes Skull view is utilized for mandibular ____ assesment.
Condyles
The image that does NOT expose the patient to radiation, and is best to diagnose soft tissue conditions of the TMJ, is ____.
MRI
A filmless radiographic image system utilized in dentistry includes components such as a/n:
All of the above
There are three styles of digital radiography used today: digital scanners, phosphor plates, and:
Direct sensors.
____ is defined as a digital image viewed on a computer monitor.
Direct digital imaging
A drum is placed into a ____ to digitalize an image on the computer screen.
Laser scanner
Digital panoramic systems include patient-positioning chin rest; bite piece; ear supports; adjustable forehead and nose support; and ____ light beams.
Frankfort plane
When preparing to expose a panoramic radiograph, proper positioning principles include the following:
Machine preparation, patient preparation, and patient positioning
