Module 6 Flashcards
What are enzymes-?
They are catalyst that speed up reactions-
lack of sufficient amounts or inhibition is often the root of disease
The endocrine system is involved in regulation
What is an enzyme active site-?
Where substate binds- 3-D cleft or crevice in enzyme protein
What are some types of enzymes-?
Hydrolase Isomerase Ligase Lyase Oxidoreductase Transferase
“Ase” ending refers to a enzyme
What does hydrolase do?
Catalyze hydrolysis reaction-
What does isomerase do?
Catalyze intramolecular transformations - a molecule is converted to one of its isomers- Mutase in glucose metabolism
What does oxidoreductase do?
Catalyze oxidation [loss of H+] and reduction [gain of H+] - major role in the oxidation of glucose and fatty acids
What does mutase do?
A mutase is an enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyzes the shifting of a functional group from one position to another within the same molecule.
What are coenzymes-?
Non-protien compounds that interact with enzymes
Are often required for the enzymes to catalyze a reaction
Metal ions
Vitamins or vitamin-derived compounds
Name some vitamin coenzymes and what they do-!
Biotin- CO2 fixation
Pantothenic Acid- Acyl group transfer
Riboflavin [B2] -FAD and oxidation/reduction
Niacin- used for NAD and oxidation/reduction
Pyridoxine [B6]- pyridoxal phospahte transmission
Thiamine [B1]- thiamine pyrophosphate aldehyde transfer
Are coenzymes proteins or vitamins?
Nope-!
What is kinase?
an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates
What are some bioactive proteins?
Enzymes Hormones Hemoglobin Myoglobin Myosin and Actin
