Module 5 Flashcards
brainstem
hindbrain and midbrain
lower part of brain, keeps you alive and controls bodily functions that support life
hindbrain
basic life support
controls parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system, controls organs
contains medulla, pons, cerebellum, reticular formation
medulla
regulates and controls involuntary functions (breathing)
reticular formation
regulates arousal and state of alertness
controls startle reflex
works with the heart to pump blood, get oxygen, and get moving when alert
pons
regulate sleep stages and coordinate movements (via cerebellum)
cerebellum
regulates movements, balance, aids learning and memory
midbrain
has 4 pathways, need to know 3: mesolimbic, mesocortical, nigrostriatial
lower part of brain, keeps you alive and controls bodily functions
mesolimbic pathway
releases dopamine to Nucleus Accumbens (passes through amygdala)
linked to ADHD, depression, influences behavior
mesocortical pathway
regulates and controls planning (cognition, decision, and working memory)
releases dopamine to prefrontal cortex (also impacts ADHD)
nigrostriatial pathway
contains substantia nigra
helps coordinate fine motor control (80% dopamine)
parkinson’s, tardive dyskinesia, and tremors which all impact fine movements
Limbic System (subcortex)
Thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, pituitary gland
thalamus
mainly a relay station for all senses except smell
takes in sensory info from different nerve fibers and sends info from the senses to other parts of the brain
hypothalamus
regulates ANS (autonomic nervous system), 4 Fs (flight, fight, mating, feeding)
regulates temperature and endocrine system
hippocampus
in both hemispheres, part of limbic system
amygdala
regulates emotions, part of limbic system
